无超材料的流体流动斗篷
A metamaterial-free fluid-flow cloak
摘要：
围绕圆柱形障碍物的理想流体流动模型展示了一个长期建立的物理图像，其中原本直的流线将被障碍物偏转到整个空间。受变换光学和超材料的启发，最近的理论提出了流体隐身的概念，能够恢复直线流线，就好像障碍物不存在一样。然而，这种斗篷，类似于所有以前的基于变换光学的设备，依赖于复杂的超材料，难以实现。在这里，我们部署的散射抵消理论和报告的实验实现的流体流斗篷没有超材料。这种隐身衣是通过设计流体通道的几何形状来实现的，它有效地消除了障碍物的类偶极散射。通过直接观察注入染料的流体流中恢复的直流线，证明了隐形效果。我们的工作为传统的流体控制提供了新的思路，并可能在微流体设备中找到应用。
英文摘要：
The model of ideal fluid flow around a cylindrical obstacle exhibits a long-established physical picture where originally straight streamlines will be deflected over the whole space by the obstacle. As inspired by transformation optics and metamaterials, recent theories have proposed the concept of fluid cloaking able to recover the straight streamlines as if the obstacle does not exist. However, such a cloak, similar to all previous transformation-optics-based devices, relies on complex metamaterials, being difficult to implement. Here we deploy the theory of scattering cancellation and report on the experimental realization of a fluid-flow cloak without metamaterials. This cloak is realized by engineering the geometry of the fluid channel, which effectively cancels the dipole-like scattering of the obstacle. The cloaking effect is demonstrated via direct observation of the recovered straight streamlines in the fluid flow with injected dyes. Our work sheds new light on conventional fluid control and may find applications in microfluidic devices.
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