可控通用单位光通道的实现
Implementation of controllable universal unital optical channels
摘要：
我们发现，四个双折射晶体和波片的配置可以模拟几乎任何任意的单位信道的偏振量子比特编码在单光子，其中的通道设置由波片的角度控制。该方案适用于一个单一的空间模式和它的操作是独立的波长和输入光的精细的时间特性。我们实现了该计划，并证明了它的操作，通过施加一个退相环境的经典和量子单光子态具有不同的时间特性。应用过程的特点是量子过程层析成像程序，并观察到高保真的理论。
英文摘要：
We show that a configuration of four birefringent crystals and wave-plates can emulate almost any arbitrary unital channel for polarization qubits encoded in single photons, where the channel settings are controlled by the wave-plate angles. The scheme is applied to a single spatial mode and its operation is independent of the wavelength and the fine temporal properties of the input light. We implemented the scheme and demonstrated its operation by applying a dephasing environment to classical and quantum single-photon states with different temporal properties. The applied process was characterized by a quantum process tomography procedure, and a high fidelity to the theory was observed.
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