用于产生 GeV 量级激光质子的薄塑料箔靶优化
Optimisation of Thin Plastic Foil Targets for Production of Laser-Generated Protons in the GeV Range
AI总结：
本研究通过结合流体动力学模拟与粒子模拟，详细分析了飞秒激光与纳米厚度靶的相互作用机制，预测了不同激光功率下质子能量可达GeV量级，为薄塑料箔靶的优化提供了理论依据。
摘要：
为了真实模拟飞秒激光脉冲与纳米厚度靶的相互作用，必须考虑由纳秒级的放大自发辐射基底和/或预脉冲引起的靶预等离子体形成。相对较长的相互作用时间决定了必须采用流体动力学模拟来预测主激光脉冲到达前靶粒子的数密度分布。通过将流体动力学模拟的输出作为粒子模拟（PIC）的输入，实现了对激光与箔靶完整相互作用的详细理解。激光脉冲与预等离子体相互作用后，将部分能量沉积在靶上，随后要么从临界密度面反射，要么通过欠稠密等离子体通道透射。部分热电子从靶中逃逸，使箔靶处于净正电势状态，进而导致质子和重离子被发射。本研究预测，对于峰值功率约 40 TW 的激光，质子能量可达约 25 MeV；而对于约 4 PW 的激光系统，预计质子能量可达约 600 MeV。
英文摘要：
In order to realistically simulate the interaction of a femtosecond laser pulse with a nanometre-thick target it is necessary to consider a target preplasma formation due to the nanosecond long amplified-spontaneous-emission pedestal and/or prepulse. The relatively long interaction time dictated that hydrodynamic simulations should be employed to predict the target particles' number density distributions prior the arrival of the main laser pulse. By using the output of the hydrodynamic simulations as input into particle-in-cell simulations, a detailed understanding of the complete laser-foil interaction is achieved. Once the laser pulse interacts with the preplasma it deposits a fraction of its energy on the target, before it is either reflected from the critical density surface or transmitted through an underdense plasma channel. A fraction of hot electrons is ejected from the target leaving the foil in a net positive potential, which in turn results in proton and heavy ion ejection. In this work protons reaching ~25 MeV are predicted for a laser of ~40 TW peak power and ~600 MeV are expected from a ~4 PW laser system.
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