运动带电体的尺寸和形状对前驱孤子传输特性的影响
Effect of size and shape of a moving charged object on the propagation characteristics of precursor solitons
摘要：
我们报告的实验观测的修改的前体孤子的传播特性，由于不同的形状和大小的对象，尘埃流体的流动。实验已经在$Π$形状的尘埃等离子体实验（DPEx）装置中进行，其中尘埃等离子体在DC辉光放电Ar等离子体中使用高岭土颗粒产生。在阴极上径向安装的浮动铜线在等离子体环境中充当带电物体。粉尘流体上的流动是通过将带电物体的电位从接地电位突然降低到接近浮动电位而启动的。电位山的大小（高度和宽度）通过一个可变电阻从导线中引出电流而改变。随着势峰高度的减小，孤子的振幅、速度和数目减小，而孤子的宽度增大.结果发现，低于阈值，这些孤立波不激发和尘埃流体简单地流过山。为了检查由于电势分布的形状引起的效果，用三角形物体代替导线。只有拖尾尾流被认为是激发时，尘埃流体面临的线性增加的斜率的潜在的配置文件，而孤立子和唤醒得到激发时，对象被放置与尖锐的边缘面对流。所有的实验结果定性同意与不同的源项在强迫Korteweg de Vries（f-KdV）模型方程的数值解。
英文摘要：
We report on experimental observations on the modifications in the propagation characteristics of precursor solitons due to the different shapes and sizes of the object over which the dust fluid flows. The experiments have been performed in a $Π$ shaped Dusty Plasma Experimental (DPEx) device where dusty plasma is created in a DC glow discharge Ar plasma using kaolin particles. A floating copper wire installed radially on the cathode, acts as a charged object in the plasma environment. The flow on the dust fluid is initiated by suddenly lowering the potential of the charged object from grounded potential to close to floating potential. The size (height and width) of the potential hill is then varied by drawing current from the wire through a variable resistance. With a decrease in the height of the potential hill, the amplitude, velocity and the number of exciting precursor solitons are found to decrease whereas the widths of the solitons are seen to increase. It is found that below a threshold value these solitary waves are not excited and the dust fluid simply flows over the hill. To examine the effect due to the shape of the potential profiles, the wire is replaced by a triangular object. Only trailing wakes are seen to be excited when the dust fluid faces the linearly increasing slope of the potential profile whereas both solitons and wakes get excited when the object is placed with the sharp edge facing the flow. All the experimental findings qualitatively agree with numerical solutions obtained with different source terms in the forced-Korteweg de Vries (f-KdV) model equation.
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