从超核物质到退禁闭夸克物质的一级相变服从来自致密星观测的新约束
First-order phase transition from hypernuclear matter to deconfined quark matter obeying new constraints from compact star observations
摘要：
我们重新考虑超子难题的问题和建议的解决方案，夸克解除禁闭内的两个阶段的方法，最近获得的强子和夸克物质的状态方程的混合致密星。对于强子相，我们采用超核状态方程从最低阶约束变分方法和夸克物质相描述的足够刚性的状态方程的基础上的颜色超导非局域Nambu-Jona-Lasinio模型常数（模型nlNJLA）和密度依赖（模型nlNJLB）参数。我们研究了由Maxwell构造得到的相变的模型依赖性。我们的研究证实，即使对于PSR J 0740 +6620中最大质量下限的新约束，夸克解除禁闭也是当前状态方程组的超子难题的可行解决方案。在这项工作中，我们提供了与模型nlNJLB的第一次混合星EoS的中间超核物质相之间的核和色超导夸克物质相，其中的紧凑型恒星的最大质量达到$2.2~M_\odot$，根据最近的限制。在nlNJLA模型中，这样的相不能实现，因为相变开始于低密度，在超子阈值密度通过之前。我们讨论了混合状态方程的对称物质的解除禁闭相变的可能后果，因为它将在未来的重离子碰撞在FAIR，NICA和相应的能量扫描程序在欧洲核子研究中心和RHIC设施探测。
英文摘要：
We reconsider the problem of the hyperon puzzle and its suggested solution by quark deconfinement within the two-phase approach to hybrid compact stars with recently obtained hadronic and quark matter equations of state. For the hadronic phase we employ the hypernuclear equation of state from the lowest order constrained variational method and the quark matter phase is described by a sufficiently stiff equation of state based on a color superconducting nonlocal Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model with constant (model nlNJLA) and with density-dependent (model nlNJLB) parameters. We study the model dependence of the phase transition obtained by a Maxwell construction. Our study confirms that also with the present set of equations of state quark deconfinement presents a viable solution of the hyperon puzzle even for the new constraint on the lower limit of the maximum mass from PSR J0740+6620. In this work we provide with model nlNJLB for the first time a hybrid star EoS with an intermediate hypernuclear matter phase between the nuclear and color superconducting quark matter phases, for which the maximum mass of the compact star reaches $2.2~M_\odot$, in accordance with most recent constraints. In model nlNJLA such a phase cannot be realised because the phase transition onset is at low densities, before the hyperon threshold density is passed. We discuss possible consequences of the hybrid equation of state for the deconfinement phase transition in symmetric matter as it will be probed in future heavy-ion collisions at FAIR, NICA and corresponding energy scan programs at the CERN and RHIC facilities.
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