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arXiv 1908.04218stat.MEstat.ML
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近似随机化检验的渐近有效性与有限样本性质

Asymptotic Validity and Finite-Sample Properties of Approximate Randomization Tests

Panos Toulis

AI总结:

本文提出非渐近界,分析近似随机化检验与原始检验的尺寸差异,给出数据不变性下有效性的新条件,并解释小样本表现。

摘要:

随机化检验依赖于简单的数据变换,并具有吸引人的稳健性。如果数据分布在变换下具有不变性,这些检验除了在有限样本中有效外,即使在不变性不成立的情况下,通过适当的检验统计量学生化,它们也可以渐近有效。然而,实际应用中常遇到噪声数据,导致近似随机化检验可能不够稳健。本文的主要理论贡献是给出了近似随机化检验的尺寸与使用无噪声数据的原始随机化检验尺寸之间差异的非渐近界。这使我们能够推导出在数据不变性下近似随机化检验有效性的新条件,同时在不变性不成立时,能够利用基于学生化的现有结果。我们通过多个例子阐述理论,包括线性回归中的显著性检验。我们的理论可以解释随机化检验在小样本中表现的某些方面,弥补了先前理论结果的局限性。

英文摘要:

Randomization tests rely on simple data transformations and possess an appealing robustness property. In addition to being finite-sample valid if the data distribution is invariant under the transformation, these tests can be asymptotically valid under a suitable studentization of the test statistic, even if the invariance does not hold. However, practical implementation often encounters noisy data, resulting in approximate randomization tests that may not be as robust. In this paper, our key theoretical contribution is a non-asymptotic bound on the discrepancy between the size of an approximate randomization test and the size of the original randomization test using noiseless data. This allows us to derive novel conditions for the validity of approximate randomization tests under data invariances, while being able to leverage existing results based on studentization if the invariance does not hold. We illustrate our theory through several examples, including tests of significance in linear regression. Our theory can explain certain aspects of how randomization tests perform in small samples, addressing limitations of prior theoretical results.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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