基于稳定重掺杂PbS胶体量子点的红外光通信波段单激子增益与受激发射
Single-Exciton Gain and Stimulated Emission Across the Infrared Optical Telecom Band from Robust Heavily-doped PbS Colloidal Quantum Dots
AI总结：
本研究针对红外铅硫族胶体量子点光学增益阈值高的问题，采用稳定电子掺杂PbS胶体量子点，实现了室温光通信波段可调谐的红外受激发射，增益阈值达单激子区间，大幅降低阈值水平。
摘要：
具有红外光学增益的材料对光通信、医疗诊断1和硅光子学2,3至关重要。当前技术要么依赖成本高昂且无法与硅CMOS工艺单片集成的III-V族半导体，要么采用无法利用光纤全透明窗口的掺铒光纤技术。胶体量子点（CQD）凭借带隙可调、可溶液加工及CMOS兼容性，作为光学增益介质4具备独特优势。得益于更窄的线宽潜力5和低于体材料的简并度6，基于CdSe的CQD已在可见光波段成功实现光学增益4、受激发射7和激光发射8,9,10，取得了显著进展。然而，红外铅硫族胶体量子点的态简并度更高，因此实现光学增益需要极高的阈值11,12。本研究基于稳定的电子掺杂PbS CQD，实现了室温下可在光通信波段调谐的红外受激发射，其增益阈值达到单激子区间，较八重简并系统的理论极限降低了四倍，且比此前报道的结果低两个数量级。
英文摘要：
Materials with optical gain in the infrared are of paramount importance for optical communications, medical diagnostics1 and silicon photonics2,3 . The current technology is based either on costly III-V semiconductors that are not monolithic to silicon CMOS technology or Er-doped fiber technology that does not make use of the full fiber transparency window. Colloidal quantum dots (CQD) offer a unique opportunity as an optical gain medium4 in view of their tunable bandgap, solution processability and CMOS compatibility. Their potential for narrower linewidths5 and the lower-than-bulk degeneracy6 has led to dramatic progress towards successful demonstration of optical gain4, stimulated emission7 and lasing8,9,10 in the visible part of spectrum utilizing CdSe-based CQDs. Infrared Pb-chalcogenide colloidal quantum dots however exhibit higher state degeneracy and as a result the demonstration of optical gain has imposed very high thresholds.11,12 Here we demonstrate room-temperature, infrared stimulated emission, tunable across the optical communication band, based on robust electronically doped PbS CQDs, that reach gain threshold at the single exciton regime, representing a four-fold reduction from the theoretical limit of an eight-fold degenerate system and two orders of magnitude lower than prior reports.
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