Shuyi，一个以树突状细胞介导的免疫记忆命名的名字
Shuyi, A Name After Dendritic Cell-mediated Immunological Memory
AI总结：
本文回顾单核细胞、巨噬细胞及树突状细胞免疫记忆证据，提出重新审视抗原呈递细胞作为第三类免疫记忆细胞，并记述作者以女儿名字SHUYI纪念该假说。
摘要：
免疫记忆是现代免疫学的一项基础理论，传统上认为它仅由B淋巴细胞和T淋巴细胞介导，这两类细胞以受受体限制的方式识别抗原表位。在过去十年中，积累的数据表明，单核细胞和巨噬细胞——固有免疫应答的两种主要启动者——也会对其遇到的抗原形成“记忆”，尽管在大多数受关注的出版物中，人们使用了不同的措辞（即“训练”或“教育”）来描述这一特征。最近，Hole等人证明了树突状细胞（DCs）的一种“记忆样”应答。简而言之，如果受到真菌攻击的小鼠能够产生保护性免疫应答，那么从这些小鼠体内立即（3周内）分离出的DCs会表现出促炎表型。即使让小鼠休息10周，其体内DCs在再次受到相同病原体攻击时，仍在转录组和细胞因子产生方面表现出增强的免疫激活特征。最后，Hole表明DCs中的“训练”或记忆建立是通过组蛋白修饰实现的。以上在单核细胞、巨噬细胞或DCs中获得的所有发现，都强调有必要重新审视这样的问题：抗原呈递细胞（APCs）作为一个整体，是否可以被归为介导免疫记忆的第三类细胞。在本文中，作者描述了他在20世纪90年代末为鉴定树突状细胞介导的记忆所做的努力，以及他如何将女儿命名为SHUYI以纪念这一假说。
英文摘要：
Immunological memory is a fundamental theory of modern immunology, which is traditionally believed to be mediated only by B and T lymphocytes that recognize antigen epitopes in a receptor-restricted manner. During the last decade data accumulated to show that monocytes and macrophages, the two main initiators of innate immune response, also built up a "memory" to antigens they encountered, though in most concerned publications a different wording (i.e. "train" or"educate") was utilized to describe this feature. More recently, Hole et al demonstrated a "memory-like" response of dendritic cells (DCs). In brief, if fungal-challenged mice could develop a protective immune response, DCs immediately (in 3 weeks) isolated from those mice would manifest a pro-inflammatory phenotype. Even after the mice were allowed to rest for 10 weeks, DCs from them still exhibited an enhanced immune activation profile in their transcriptome and cytokine productions upon re-challenge with same pathogens. Lastly, Hole showed that the "training" or memory-building in DCs was achieved by histone modification. All above findings obtained in monocytes, macrophages or DCs emphasized the necessity for rechecking the questions whether antigen presenting cells (APCs) as a whole could be classified the third class of cells that would mediate immunological memory. In this essay, the author described the effort he made in late 1990s to identify dendtitic cell-mediated memory, and how he named his daughter SHUYI to memorize that hypothesis.
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