电磁旋涡场引导中性极性分子--一种经典方法
Guiding neutral polar molecules by electromagnetic vortex field --- a classical approach
摘要：
它示出，在经典力学中，电磁涡旋的场能够捕获和引导具有永久电偶极矩（PEDM）的中性分子。与磁场作用于基本粒子或原子的情况类似，由于在实际分子中观察到的PEDM值很小，因此这种效应非常微妙。它们相当于$2\times10^{5}\, e{\mathrm{fm}}$（电子电荷$\times$费米）或更小，这需要使用非常强的电场。还观察到，存在场强阈值，高于该阈值，粒子被从阱中射出。被引导粒子的轨迹通常是相当混乱的，这是运动方程的非线性的结果。通过非常特殊和精确的参数调整，可以实现常规（即，在横向平面中为圆形）的轨迹。沿着波传播方向指向的附加恒定电场的存在可能有助于实现必要的调谐并实现这样的轨迹。
英文摘要：
It is shown, within classical mechanics, that the field of an electromagnetic vortex is capable of capturing and guiding neutral molecules endowed with a permanent electric dipole moment (PEDM). Similarly as in the case of the magnetic field applied to elementary particles or atoms, this effect turns out to be very delicate because of the small values of PEDM observed in real molecules. They amount to $2\times10^{5}\, e{\mathrm{fm}}$ (electron charge $\times$ fermi) or less, which requires the use of very strong electric fields. It has also been observed that there exists a threshold in field strength above which the particles are ejected from the trap. Trajectories of guided particles are usually quite chaotic, which is a consequence of non-linearity of the equations of motion. With a very special and precise adjustment of parameters, a regular (i.e., circular, in the transverse plane) trajectory can be obtained. The presence of an additional constant electric field pointing along the direction of the wave propagation might help to achieve the necessary tuning and realize such trajectories.
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