太阳附近射电源的观测
Observations of radio sources near the Sun
摘要：
大地甚长基线干涉测量（VLBI）数据能够高精度地测量太阳和大行星的引力场引起的光偏转。在广义相对论中，利用太阳附近参考射电源的观测值估计的参数化后牛顿（PPN）公式的参数$γ$应等于1。我们已经进行了几次VLBI实验，跟踪距离太阳1到3度的参考射电源。在单次模式下获得的参数$γ$的最佳形式精度小于0.01%，或优于从太阳任意伸长处获得的包含所有可用观测的全局解的形式精度。我们正计划从2020年开始，利用接近太阳活动周期最小值的更好观测条件进行更多实验。
英文摘要：
Geodetic Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) data are capable of measuring the light deflection caused by the gravitational field of the Sun and large planets with high accuracy. The parameter $γ$ of the parametrized Post-Newtonian (PPN) formalism estimated using observations of reference radio sources near the Sun should be equal to unity in the general relativity. We have run several VLBI experiments tracking reference radio sources from 1 to 3 degrees from the Sun. The best formal accuracy of the parameter $γ$ achieved in the single-session mode is less than 0.01 percent, or better than the formal accuracy obtained with a global solution included all available observations at arbitrary elongation from the Sun. We are planning more experiments starting from 2020 using better observing conditions near the minimum of the Solar activity cycle.
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