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arXiv 1908.00616quant-phcond-mat.softphysics.ins-det
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一种用于量子辐射测量的分子基单光子源

A Molecule-Based Single-Photon Source Applied in Quantum Radiometry

Pietro Lombardi, Marco Trapuzzano, Maja Colautti, Giancarlo Margheri, Marco López, Stefan Kück, Costanza Toninelli

摘要:

基于量子发射器的单光子源(SPS)有望在量子辐射计量学中作为微光下光子通量的计量标准。理想地,这需要在宽动态范围内控制光子通量、亚泊松光子统计和窄带发射光谱。在这项工作中,提出了一种基于有机染料分子的单色单光子源,其光子通量被跟踪测量为在(785.6 +/- 0.1)nm波长处每秒144 000和1320 000个光子之间可调,对应于36.5 fW和334 fW之间的光辐射通量。验证了单光子流的高纯度,在整个范围内零时间延迟低于0.1的二阶自相关函数。具有适当的组合的发射特性,分子SPS显示在这里的应用程序中校准的硅单光子雪崩探测器(SPAD)对低噪声模拟硅光电二极管可追溯到光辐射通量的主要标准(即低温辐射计)。由于源的窄带宽,由光谱功率分布引起的SPAD检测效率的校正可以忽略不计。有了这个主要优点,开发的设备可能最终实现量子辐射测量的低光子通量标准源。

英文摘要:

Single photon sources (SPSs) based on quantum emitters hold promise in quantum radiometry as metrology standard for photon fluxes at the low light level. Ideally this requires control over the photon flux in a wide dynamic range, sub-Poissonian photon statistics and narrow-band emission spectrum. In this work, a monochromatic single-photon source based on an organic dye molecule is presented, whose photon flux is traceably measured to be adjustable between 144 000 and 1320 000 photons per second at a wavelength of (785.6 +/- 0.1) nm, corresponding to an optical radiant flux between 36.5 fW and 334 fW. The high purity of the single-photon stream is verified, with a second-order autocorrelation function at zero time delay below 0.1 throughout the whole range. Featuring an appropriate combination of emission properties, the molecular SPS shows here application in the calibration of a silicon Single-Photon Avalanche Detector (SPAD) against a low-noise analog silicon photodiode traceable to the primary standard for optical radiant flux (i.e. the cryogenic radiometer). Due to the narrow bandwidth of the source, corrections to the SPAD detection efficiency arising from the spectral power distribution are negligible. With this major advantage, the developed device may finally realize a low-photon-flux standard source for quantum radiometry.

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