Pointwise convergence of noncommutative Fourier series
Guixiang Hong, Simeng Wang, Xumin Wang
备注：
V5: minor corrections; final version to appear in Memoirs of the AMS. v4: 87pages; minor changes; some details of the proof were added in Section 5.2; the part on classical analysis has been removed and will appear separately in another forthcoming paper. v3: 83 pages; this version contains some corrections. v2: 74 pages; new results are added in Section 4, Section 5 and Section 6.3
This paper is devoted to the study of pointwise convergence of Fourier series for group von Neumann algebras and quantum groups. It is well-known that a number of approximation properties of groups can be interpreted as summation methods and mean convergence of the associated noncommutative Fourier series. Based on this framework, this paper studies the refined counterpart of pointwise convergence of these Fourier series. As a key ingredient, we develop a noncommutative bootstrap method and establish a general criterion of maximal inequalities for approximate identities of noncommutative Fourier multipliers. Based on this criterion, we prove that for any countable discrete amenable group, there exists a sequence of finitely supported positive definite functions tending to $1$ pointwise, so that the associated Fourier multipliers on noncommutative $L_p$-spaces satisfy the pointwise convergence for all $p>1$. In a similar fashion, we also obtain results for a large subclass of groups (as well as quantum groups) with the Haagerup property and the weak amenability. We also consider the analogues of Fejér and Bochner-Riesz means in the noncommutative setting. Our approach heavily relies on the noncommutative ergodic theory in conjunction with abstract constructions of Markov semigroups, inspired by quantum probability and geometric group theory. Finally, we also obtain as a byproduct the dimension free bounds of the noncommutative Hardy-Littlewood maximal inequalities associated with convex bodies.
We obtain dimension free estimates for noncommutative Riesz transforms associated to conditionally negative length functions on group von Neumann algebras. This includes Poisson semigroups, beyond Bakry's results in the commutative setting. Our proof is inspired by Pisier's method and a new Khintchine inequality for crossed products. New estimates include Riesz transforms associated to fractional laplacians in $\mathbb{R}^n$ (where Meyer's conjecture fails) or to the word length of free groups. Lust-Piquard's work for discrete laplacians on LCA groups is also generalized in several ways. In th…
For the noncommutative 2-torus, we define and study Fourier transforms arising from representations of states with central supports in the bidual, exhibiting a possibly nontrivial modular structure (i.e. type III representations). We then prove the associated noncommutative analogous of Riemann-Lebesgue Lemma and Hausdorff-Young Theorem. In addition, the $L^p$- convergence result of the Cesaro means (i.e. the Fejer theorem), and the Abel means reproducing the Poisson kernel are also established, providing inversion formulae for the Fourier transforms in $L^p$ spaces, $p\in[1,2]$. Finally, in $…
The noncommutative Fourier transform of the irrational rotation C*-algebra is shown to have a K-inductive structure (at least for a large concrete class of irrational parameters, containing dense $G_δ$'s). This is a structure for automorphisms that is analogous to Huaxin Lin's notion of tracially AF for C*-algebras, except that it requires more structure from the complementary projection.
We investigate Fourier multipliers on the compact dual of arbitrary discrete groups. Our main result is a Hörmander-Mihlin multiplier theorem for finite-dimensional cocycles with optimal smoothness condition. We also find Littlewood-Paley type inequalities in group von Neumann algebras, prove $L_p$ estimates for noncommutative Riesz transforms and characterize $L_\infty \to \mathrm{BMO}$ boundedness for radial Fourier multipliers. The key novelties of our approach are to exploit group cocycles and cross products in Fourier multiplier theory in conjunction with BMO spaces associated to semigrou…
Let $E_1,\;E_2$ be symmetric quasi Banach function spaces on $(0,α)\;(0<α\le\8)$. We study some properties of several constructions (the products $E_1(\M)\odot E_2(\M)$, the Calder$\rm\acute{o}$n spaces $E_1(\M)^θE_2(\M)^{1-θ}$, the complex interpolation spaces $(E_1(\M),E_2(\M))_θ$, the real interpolation method $(E_1(\M),E_2(\M))_{θ,p}$) in the context of noncommutative symmetric quasi Banach spaces. Under some natural assumptions, we prove $$ (E_1(\M), E_2(\M))_θ=E_1(\M)^θE_2(\M)^{1-θ}=E_1^{(\frac{1}θ)}(\M)\odot E_2^{(\frac{1}{1-θ})}(\M)\;(0<θ<1). $$ As application, we extend these result t…
We investigate Fourier multipliers with smooth symbols defined over locally compact Hausdorff groups. Our main results in this paper establish new Hörmander-Mikhlin criteria for spectral and non-spectral multipliers. The key novelties which shape our approach are three. First, we control a broad class of Fourier multipliers by certain maximal operators in noncommutative $L_p$ spaces. This general principle ---exploited in Euclidean harmonic analysis during the last 40 years--- is of independent interest and might admit further applications. Second, we replace the formerly used cocycle dimensio…
We introduce a noncommutative analogue of the absolute value of a regular operator acting on a noncommutative $\mathrm{L}^p$-space. We equally prove that two classical operator norms, the regular norm and the decomposable norm are identical. We also describe precisely the regular norm of several classes of regular multipliers. This includes Schur multipliers and Fourier multipliers on some unimodular locally compact groups which can be approximated by discrete groups in various senses. A main ingredient is to show the existence of a bounded projection from the space of completely bounded $\mat…
We introduce and study noncommutative extensions of the Fourier transform and its logarithm to the algebra of functions on the free semigroup FS(2) on two generators with the convolution multiplication. These extensions are new types of moment and cumulant generating functions, respectively, the latter corresponding to the cumulants which are additive under the so-called filtered convolution on the free *-algebra on two generators. This algebra plays the role of a ``noncommutative plane'' built on the ``classical real line'' and the ``boolean real line''. The restrictions of the cumulant gener…
Let H be a subgroup of some locally compact group G. Assume H is approximable by discrete subgroups and G admits neighborhood bases which are "almost-invariant" under conjugation by finite subsets of H. Let $m: G \to \mathbb{C}$ be a bounded continuous symbol giving rise to an Lp-bounded Fourier multiplier (not necessarily cb-bounded) on the group von Neumann algebra of G for some $1 \le p \le \infty$. Then, $m_{\mid_H}$ yields an Lp-bounded Fourier multiplier on the group von Neumann algebra of H provided the modular function $Δ_H$ coincides with $Δ_G$ over H. This is a noncommutative form of…
We study BMO spaces associated with semigroup of operators and apply the results to boundedness of Fourier multipliers. We prove a universal interpolation theorem for BMO spaces and prove the boundedness of a class of Fourier multipliers on noncommutative Lp spaces for all 1 < p < \infty, with optimal constants in p.
We study Fourier multipliers on free group $\mathbb{F}_\infty$ associated with the first segment of the reduced words, and prove that they are completely bounded on the noncommutative $L^p$ spaces $L^p(\hat{\mathbb{F}}_\infty)$ iff their restriction on $L^p(\hat{\mathbb{F}}_1)=L^p(\mathbb{T})$ are completely bounded. As a consequence, every classical Mikhlin multiplier extends to a $L^p$ Fourier multiplier on free groups for all $1<p<\infty$.
In this paper we solve three problems in noncommutative harmonic analysis which are related to endpoint inequalities for singular integrals. In first place, we prove that an $L_2$-form of Hörmander's kernel condition suffices for the weak type (1,1) of Calderón-Zygmund operators acting on matrix-valued functions. To that end, we introduce an improved CZ decomposition for martingale filtrations in von Neumann algebras, and apply a very simple unconventional argument which notably avoids pseudolocalization. In second place, we establish as well the weak $L_1$ endpoint for matrix-valued CZ operat…
In this paper we consider several problems of joint similarity to tuples of bounded linear operators in noncommutative polydomains and varieties associated with sets of noncommutative polynomials. We obtain analogues of classical results such as Rota's model theorem for operators with spectral radius less than one, Sz.-Nagy characterization of operators similar to isometries (or unitary operators), and the refinement obtained by Foia\c s and by de Branges and Rovnyak for strongly stable contractions. We also provide analogues of these results in the context of joint similarity of commuting tup…
We use a noncommutative generalization of Fourier analysis to define a broad class of pseudo-probability representations, which includes the known bosonic and discrete Wigner functions. We characterize the groups of quantum unitary operations which correspond to phase-space transformations, generalizing Gaussian and Clifford operations. As examples, we find Wigner representations for fermions, hard-core bosons, and angle-number systems.
Let $Γ< G$ be a discrete subgroup of a locally compact unimodular group $G$. Let $m\in C_b(G)$ be a $p$-multiplier on $G$ with $1 \leq p < \infty$ and let $T_{m}: L_p(\widehat{G}) \rightarrow L_p(\widehat{G})$ be the corresponding Fourier multiplier. Similarly, let $T_{m \vert_Γ}: L_p(\widehatΓ) \rightarrow L_p(\widehatΓ)$ be the Fourier multiplier associated to the restriction $m|_Γ$ of $m$ to $Γ$. We show that \[ c( {\rm supp}( m\vert_Γ ) ) \Vert T_{m \vert_Γ}: L_p(\widehatΓ) \rightarrow L_p(\widehatΓ) \Vert \leq \Vert T_{m }: L_p(\widehat{G}) \rightarrow L_p(\widehat{G}) \Vert, \] for a spe…
We investigate and review how Fourier transform is involved in the analysis of a twisted group algebra $L^1(G, σ)$ for $G=\widehatΓ\times Γ$ and $σ:G\times G \to \mathbb{T}$ 2- cocycle where $Γ$ is a locally compact abelian group and $\widehatΓ$ its Pontryagin dual. By weaving the Schrödinger representation and Fourier transform, we construct the dual equivalence bimodule of the Heisenberg bimodule generated by the dual Schrödinger representation and observe several relations between them including the application of noncommutative solitons.
We prove that any weak* continuous semigroup $(T_t)_{t \geq 0}$ of Markov Fourier multipliers acting on a group von Neumann algebra $\mathrm{VN}(G)$ associated to a locally compact group $G$ can be dilated by a weak* continuous group of Markov $*$-automorphisms on a bigger von Neumann algebra. Our construction relies on probabilistic tools and is even new for the group $\mathbb{R}^n$. Our results imply the boundedness of the McIntosh's $\mathrm{H}^\infty$ functional calculus of the generators of these semigroups on the associated noncommutative $\mathrm{L}^p$-spaces.
We show that for a locally compact group G there is a one-to-one correspondence between G-invariant weak*-closed subspaces E of the Fourier-Stieltjes algebra B(G) containing B_r(G) and quotients C*_E(G) of C*(G) which are intermediate between C*(G) and the reduced group algebra C*_r(G). We show that the canonical comultiplication on C*(G) descends to a coaction or a comultiplication on C*_E(G) if and only if E is an ideal or subalgebra, respectively. When αis an action of G on a C*-algebra B, we define "E-crossed products" B\rtimes_{α,E} G lying between the full crossed product and the reduced…
The classical uncertainty principles deal with functions on abelian groups. In this paper, we discuss the uncertainty principles for finite index subfactors which include the cases for finite groups and finite dimensional Kac algebras. We prove the Hausdorff-Young inequality, Young's inequality, the Hirschman-Beckner uncertainty principle, the Donoho-Stark uncertainty principle. We characterize the minimizers of the uncertainty principles. We also prove that the minimizer is uniquely determined by the supports of itself and its Fourier transform. The proofs take the advantage of the analytic a…
We compute the semiflat positive cone $K_0^{+SF}(A_θ^σ)$ of the $K_0$-group of the irrational rotation orbifold $A_θ^σ$ under the noncommutative Fourier transform $σ$ and show that it is determined by classes of positive trace and the vanishing of two topological invariants. The semiflat orbifold projections are 3-dimensional and come in three basic topological genera: $(2,0,0)$, $(1,1,2)$, $(0,0,2)$. (A projection is called semiflat when it has the form $h + σ(h)$ where $h$ is a flip-invariant projection such that $hσ(h)=0$.) Among other things, we also show that every number in $(0,1) \cap (…
Let $Γ$ be a discrete subgroup of a unimodular locally compact group $G$. In Math. Ann. 388, 4251-4305 (2024), it was shown that the $L_p$ norm of a Fourier multiplier $m$ on $Γ$ can be bounded locally by its $L_p$-norm on $G$, modulo a constant $c(A)$ which depends on the support $A$ of $m$. In the context where $G$ is a connected Lie group with Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$, we develop tools to find explicit bounds on $c(A)$. We show that the problem reduces to: 1) The adjoint representation of the semisimple quotient $\mathfrak{s} = \mathfrak{g}/\mathfrak{r}$ of $\mathfrak{g}$ by the radical $…
