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arXiv 1907.09673cs.RO
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POMDPs在线求解的多层Monte-Carlo方法

Multilevel Monte-Carlo for Solving POMDPs Online

Australian National University(澳大利亚国立大学);CSIRO(澳大利亚联邦科学与工业研究组织)

Marcus Hoerger, Hanna Kurniawati, Alberto Elfes

摘要:

部分可观测规划是自主机器人的基本要求。解决这些规划问题的一个原则性方法是部分可观察马尔可夫决策过程(POMDP)。虽然求解POMDP在计算上是棘手的,但在过去的二十年中,在开发近似POMDP求解器方面已经取得了实质性的进展。然而,计算具有复杂动态的系统的鲁棒解决方案仍然具有挑战性。大多数在线求解器依赖于大量的前向模拟和标准蒙特卡罗方法来计算机器人可以执行的动作的预期结果。对于具有复杂动态的系统,例如,那些具有非线性动力学的系统不允许封闭形式的解决方案,即使是单一的正向模拟也可能非常昂贵。当然,这一问题加剧了长期规划的问题。本文旨在缓解上述困难。为此,我们提出了一种新的在线POMDP求解器,称为多级POMDP规划器(MLPP),它结合了众所周知的蒙特卡洛树搜索与多级蒙特卡洛的概念,以加快我们的能力,在生成近似最优的POMDP与复杂的动态解决方案。基于POMDP的扭矩控制,导航和抓取四个不同的问题的实验表明,MLPP大大优于最先进的POMDP求解器。

英文摘要:

Planning under partial obervability is essential for autonomous robots. A principled way to address such planning problems is the Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP). Although solving POMDPs is computationally intractable, substantial advancements have been achieved in developing approximate POMDP solvers in the past two decades. However, computing robust solutions for systems with complex dynamics remain challenging. Most on-line solvers rely on a large number of forward-simulations and standard Monte-Carlo methods to compute the expected outcomes of actions the robot can perform. For systems with complex dynamics, e.g., those with non-linear dynamics that admit no closed form solution, even a single forward simulation can be prohibitively expensive. Of course, this issue exacerbates for problems with long planning horizons. This paper aims to alleviate the above difficulty. To this end, we propose a new on-line POMDP solver, called Multilevel POMDP Planner (MLPP), that combines the commonly known Monte-Carlo-Tree-Search with the concept of Multilevel Monte-Carlo to speed-up our capability in generating approximately optimal solutions for POMDPs with complex dynamics. Experiments on four different problems of POMDP-based torque control, navigation and grasping indicate that MLPP substantially outperforms state-of-the-art POMDP solvers.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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