用于声学超材料的数字虚拟原子
Digitally virtualized atoms for acoustic metamaterials
摘要：
通过设计具有结构化原子的定制共振模式，超材料允许我们从天然或复合材料中获得其有限范围之外的本构参数。尽管如此，调谐本构参数在很大程度上依赖于我们在构造超材料原子时修改物理结构或介质的能力，这对许多实时应用中的可调谐范围构成了根本挑战。在这里，我们提出了一个全新的概念，虚拟超材料解除传统的边界固有的超材料原子的物理结构。通过用具有快速数字信号处理电路的设计者数学卷积核替换共振物理结构，我们表明，通过软件定义的频率色散，可以按需对超材料的有效体积模量和密度进行解耦控制。在关模操作中对入射波无干扰，同时在开模中提供可自由重构的振幅、中心频率、带宽和频率色散的相位延迟，我们的方法为波的成型增加了一个额外的维度，可以作为时变超材料的基本构建模块。
英文摘要：
By designing tailor-made resonance modes with structured atoms, metamaterials allow us to obtain constitutive parameters outside their limited range from natural or composite materials. Nonetheless, tuning the constitutive parameters relies much on our capability in modifying the physical structures or media in constructing the metamaterial atoms, posing a fundamental challenge to the range of tunability in many real-time applications. Here, we propose a completely new notion of virtualized metamaterials to lift the traditional boundary inherent to the physical structure of a metamaterial atom. By replacing the resonating physical structure with a designer mathematical convolution kernel with a fast digital signal processing circuit, we show that a decoupled control of the effective bulk modulus and density of the metamaterial is possible on-demand through a software-defined frequency dispersion. Purely noninterfering to the incident wave in the off-mode operation while providing freely reconfigurable amplitude, center frequency, bandwidth, and phase delay of frequency dispersion in on-mode, our approach adds an additional dimension to wave molding and can work as an essential building block for time-varying metamaterials.
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