聚合诱导非高斯扩散
Polymerization induces non-Gaussian diffusion
摘要：
最近的理论建模提供了一个统一的图片描述的随机过程，其特征是从异常到正常行为的交叉。这是特别受欢迎的，因为越来越多的实验表明交叉是许多系统共有的共同特征：在某些情况下，动力学的异常部分相当于布朗但非高斯扩散;更一般地，扩散指数和分布都可能在过程的初始部分偏离正常行为。由于所提出的理论在介观尺度上工作，调用扩散系数的从属性，因此将这些表示与更基本的“微观”描述联系起来至关重要。我们认为，在简单的聚合过程中的大分子的动力学行为提供了合适的设置，其中分析，数值和粒子跟踪实验可以在这样的范围内进行对比。具体而言，我们证明了布朗但非高斯扩散的聚合物的质量质心是聚合过程的直接后果。通过峰度，我们刻画了相图中早期的非高斯行为，并给出了到普通布朗运动的交叉时间的估计。
英文摘要：
Recent theoretical modeling offers a unified picture for the description of stochastic processes characterized by a crossover from anomalous to normal behavior. This is particularly welcome, as a growing number of experiments suggest the crossover to be a common feature shared by many systems: in some cases the anomalous part of the dynamics amounts to a Brownian yet non-Gaussian diffusion; more generally, both the diffusion exponent and the distribution may deviate from normal behavior in the initial part of the process. Since proposed theories work at a mesoscopic scale invoking the subordination of diffusivities, it is of primary importance to bridge these representations with a more fundamental, ``microscopic'' description. We argue that the dynamical behavior of macromolecules during simple polymerization processes provide suitable setups in which analytic, numerical, and particle-tracking experiments can be contrasted at such a scope. Specifically, we demonstrate that Brownian yet non-Gaussian diffusion of the center of mass of a polymer is a direct consequence of the polymerization process. Through the kurtosis, we characterize the early-stage non-Gaussian behavior within a phase diagram, and we also put forward an estimation for the crossover time to ordinary Brownian motion.
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