星源黑洞双星的特殊加速度：用LISA测量和偏差
The peculiar acceleration of stellar-origin black hole binaries: measurement and biases with LISA
摘要：
研究了激光干涉空间天线（LISA）测量发射引力波的星源黑洞双星质心加速度的能力。我们的分析是基于这样一种想法，即质心的加速度引起了引力波红移的时间变化，这反过来又修改了它的波形。我们证实，虽然宇宙学加速度太小，留下可检测的印记，可观察到的引力波形LISA，较大的奇特加速度可能是可测量的足够长的寿命源。我们专注于恒星质量的黑洞双星，这将是可检测的低频率的LISA和近合并的地面探测器。例如，如果这些源形成于有核星团或活动星系核的吸积盘中，它们可能会有很大的奇特加速度。如果是这样的话，我们发现，在一个天体物理人口校准到LIGO-Virgo观测到的合并率，LISA将能够测量一个小的，但重要的一部分事件的特殊加速度，如果任务寿命延长超过标称持续时间4年。在这种情况下，LISA将能够评估黑洞双星是否在靠近星系中心的地方形成，特别是在活动星系核盘中，从而有助于区分不同的形成机制。虽然对于标称的4年LISA任务，无法测量特殊的加速度效应，但事件的一致部分可能被强烈的特殊加速度所偏置，如果存在，则可能在某些波形参数上留下大的系统误差。特别是，估计的光度距离可能会有很大的偏差，从而导致大的系统误差LISA测量的哈勃常数与恒星质量的黑洞二进制。
英文摘要：
We investigate the ability of the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) to measure the center of mass acceleration of stellar-origin black hole binaries emitting gravitational waves. Our analysis is based on the idea that the acceleration of the center of mass induces a time variation in the redshift of the gravitational wave, which in turn modifies its waveform. We confirm that while the cosmological acceleration is too small to leave a detectable imprint on the gravitational waveforms observable by LISA, larger peculiar accelerations may be measurable for sufficiently long lived sources. We focus on stellar mass black hole binaries, which will be detectable at low frequencies by LISA and near coalescence by ground based detectors. These sources may have large peculiar accelerations, for instance, if they form in nuclear star clusters or in AGN accretion disks. If that is the case, we find that in an astrophysical population calibrated to the LIGO-Virgo observed merger rate, LISA will be able to measure the peculiar acceleration of a small but significant fraction of the events if the mission lifetime is extended beyond the nominal duration of 4 years. In this scenario LISA will be able to assess whether black hole binaries form close to galactic centers, particularly in AGN disks, and will thus help discriminate between different formation mechanisms. Although for a nominal 4 years LISA mission the peculiar acceleration effect cannot be measured, a consistent fraction of events may be biased by strong peculiar accelerations which, if present, may imprint large systematic errors on some waveform parameters. In particular, estimates of the luminosity distance could be strongly biased and consequently induce large systematic errors on LISA measurements of the Hubble constant with stellar mass black hole binaries.
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