原子级洁净石墨扶手椅型台阶边缘附近的本征超结构
Intrinsic superstructure near atomically clean armchair-type step edge of graphite
摘要：
用扫描隧道显微镜和能谱研究了单原子扶手椅台阶边缘附近石墨表面的电子超结构。只有（$\sqrt{3}\times\sqrt{3}$）$\textit{R}$ 30 $^{\circ}$超结构在原子级清洁的扶手椅边缘附近可见，而蜂窝状超结构不存在。干净的扶手椅边缘附近的光谱映射清楚地揭示了台阶边缘两侧的（$\sqrt{3}\times\sqrt{3}$）$\textit{R}$ 30 $^{\circ}$超结构。我们还观察到了（$\sqrt{3}\times\sqrt{3}$）$\textit{R}$ 30 $^{\circ}$和蜂窝状超结构的混合物，其靠近结构上有缺陷的扶手椅边缘。我们的研究结果表明，蜂窝状超结构图案是由两套不同相的（$\sqrt{3}\times\sqrt{3}$）$\textit{R}$ 30 $^{\circ}$超结构叠加而成的。我们的观察解决了先前研究报告的两种类型的超结构共存的奥秘。
英文摘要：
We investigated the electronic superstructure of graphite surface in the vicinity to monoatomic armchair step edges with scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. Only the ($\sqrt{3}\times\sqrt{3}$)$\textit{R}$30$^{\circ}$ superstructure is visualized near atomically clean armchair edges, while the honeycomb superstructure is absent. The spectroscopic mapping near the clean armchair edge clearly reveals the ($\sqrt{3}\times\sqrt{3}$)$\textit{R}$30$^{\circ}$ superstructure on both sides of the step edge. We have also visualized a mixture of ($\sqrt{3}\times\sqrt{3}$)$\textit{R}$30$^{\circ}$ and honeycomb superstructures near structurally defective armchair edges. Our results suggest that the honeycomb superstructure pattern results from superposition of two sets of ($\sqrt{3}\times\sqrt{3}$)$\textit{R}$30$^{\circ}$ superstructure with different phases. Our observation solves the mystery of the coexistence of two types of superstructures reported by prior studies.
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