在 ACME 电子电偶极矩测量中达到散粒噪声极限
Attaining the shot-noise-limit in the ACME measurement of the electron electric dipole moment
AI总结：
本文针对 ACME II 电子电偶极矩测量，将统计不确定度超出理想散粒噪声极限 1.7 倍的额外噪声追溯至定时缺陷，并证明消除实验缺陷后可在相同配置下达到散粒噪声极限。
摘要：
对电子电偶极矩 $d_e$ 的实验搜索可探测标准模型之外的新物理。近期，ACME 合作组设定了新的上限 $|d_e| <1.1\times 10^{-29}$ $e\cdot \textrm{cm}$ [Nature $\textbf{562}$, 355 (2018)]，从而约束了在 3-100 TeV 能量标度下破坏时间反演对称性（T）的物理。ACME 通过测量由一氧化钍（ThO）分子内电场引起的电子自旋进动来提取 $d_e$。最近的 ACME II 测量通过同时降低电偶极进动频率测量中的统计不确定度和系统不确定度，实现了比 ACME I 高一个数量级的灵敏度。ACME II 的统计不确定度比理想散粒噪声极限高 1.7 倍。我们随后将这一额外噪声追溯至定时不完善。当实验不完善被消除后，我们表明在与 ACME II 相同的配置下获取无噪声数据即可达到散粒噪声极限。
英文摘要：
Experimental searches for the electron electric dipole moment, $d_e$, probe new physics beyond the Standard Model. Recently, the ACME Collaboration set a new limit of $|d_e| <1.1\times 10^{-29}$ $e\cdot \textrm{cm}$ [Nature $\textbf{562}$, 355 (2018)], constraining time reversal symmetry (T) violating physics in the 3-100 TeV energy scale. ACME extracts $d_e$ from the measurement of electron spin precession due to the thorium monoxide (ThO) molecule's internal electric field. This recent ACME II measurement achieved an order of magnitude increased sensitivity over ACME I by reducing both statistical and systematic uncertainties in the measurement of the electric dipole precession frequency. The ACME II statistical uncertainty was a factor of 1.7 above the ideal shot-noise limit. We have since traced this excess noise to timing imperfections. When the experimental imperfections are eliminated, we show that shot noise limit is attained by acquiring noise-free data in the same configuration as ACME II.
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