在BESSY II的软X射线能谱仪PEAXIS的表征
Characterization of the soft X-ray spectrometer PEAXIS at BESSY II
摘要：
对BESSY II同步加速器上最近投入使用的共振非弹性软X射线散射（RIXS）和X射线光电子能谱学（XPS）谱仪PEAXIS及其主光束线U41-PEAXIS的性能进行了表征。光束线提供180 eV - 1600 eV的线性偏振光，允许在200 eV - 1200 eV的范围内进行RIXS测量。单色光学器件可以在不同的配置中操作，以获得高通量，在样品处的焦斑内提供高达$10^{12}$光子/s，或者在入射光子能量为~400 eV时具有<40 meV的半峰全宽的高能量分辨率。RIXS谱仪的总能量分辨率测量值与射线跟踪模拟的理论预测值非常吻合。PEAXIS具有5米长的RIXS光谱仪臂，可以在水平光子散射平面内围绕样品位置连续旋转106°，从而能够研究动量转移相关激发。为了证明仪器的能力，d-d激发和磁激发已被测量单晶NiO。用流体池测量了液体丙酮中的振动级数。计划升级的光束线和RIXS光谱仪，将进一步增加20 - 30%的能量分辨率~ 100 meV在1000 eV的入射光子能量进行了讨论。
英文摘要：
The performance of the recently commissioned spectrometer PEAXIS for resonant inelastic soft X-ray scattering (RIXS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and its hosting beamline U41-PEAXIS at the BESSY II synchrotron are characterized. The beamline provides linearly polarized light from 180 eV - 1600 eV allowing for RIXS measurements in the range of 200 eV - 1200 eV. The monochromator optics can be operated in different configurations for the benefit of either high flux, providing up to $10^{12}$ photons/s within the focal spot at the sample, or high energy resolution with a full width at half maximum of <40meV at an incident photon energy of ~400 eV. This measured total energy resolution of the RIXS spectrometer is in very good agreement with the theoretically predicted values by ray-tracing simulations. PEAXIS features a 5 m long RIXS spectrometer arm that can be continuously rotated about the sample position by 106° within the horizontal photon scattering plane, thus enabling the study of momentum-transfer-dependent excitations. To demonstrate the instrument capabilities, d-d excitations and magnetic excitations have been measured on single-crystalline NiO. Measurements employing a fluid cell demonstrate the vibrational Progression in liquid acetone. Planned upgrades of the beamline and the RIXS spectrometer that will further increase the energy resolution by 20 - 30% to ~100meV at 1000 eV incident photon energy are discussed.
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