金刚石中富铁磁性包裹体的多分析表征
Multi-analytical characterization of Fe-rich magnetic inclusions in diamonds
摘要：
磁性矿物包裹体，如氧化铁或硫化物，在天然金刚石中很少出现。尽管如此，它们仍然是一个关键工具，不仅可以揭示主钻石的形成条件，而且可以获得有关地球历史时期地磁场古强度的提示，否则无法获得。这种可能性与它们根据其磁历史进行恢复磁化的能力有关。然而，迄今为止，对金刚石中磁性包裹体的全面实验研究报道甚少。在这里，我们利用x射线衍射，基于同步辐射的X射线层析显微镜和交变场磁强计来确定的结晶，形态和磁性的亚铁磁性铁氧化物包埋在钻石来自Akwatia（加纳）。我们利用的方法来估计的天然剩磁的夹杂物，与地球的磁场，他们经历了，并获得洞察主机和夹杂物系统之间的相对时间的形成。此外，从磁滞回线和一阶Reynolds曲线，我们定性地确定了各向异性，尺寸和畴态配置的磁性颗粒组成的夹杂物。
英文摘要：
Magnetic mineral inclusions, as iron oxides or sulfides, occur quite rarely in natural diamonds. Nonetheless, they represent a key tool not only to unveil the conditions of formation of host diamonds, but also to get hints about the paleointensity of the geomagnetic field present at times of the Earth's history otherwise not accessible. This possibility is related to their capability to carry a remanent magnetization dependent on their magnetic history. However, comprehensive experimental studies on magnetic inclusions in diamonds have been rarely reported so far. Here we exploit X-ray diffraction, Synchrotron-based X-ray Tomographic Microscopy and Alternating Field Magnetometry to determine the crystallographic, morphological and magnetic properties of ferrimagnetic Fe-oxides entrapped in diamonds coming from Akwatia (Ghana). We exploit the methodology to estimate the natural remanence of the inclusions, associated to the Earth's magnetic field they experienced, and to get insights on the relative time of formation between host and inclusion systems. Furthermore, from the hysteresis loops and First Order Reversal Curves we determine qualitatively the anisotropy, size and domain state configuration of the magnetic grains constituting the inclusions.
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