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arXiv 1906.07587cond-mat.mtrl-scicond-mat.str-el
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d电子ABX $_3$钙钛矿中Jahn-Teller效应的起源与指纹

Origins Vs. fingerprints of the Jahn-Teller effect in d-electron ABX$_3$ perovskites

Julien Varignon, Manuel Bibes, Alex Zunger

摘要:

Jahn-Teller(JT)畸变可以消除部分占据状态中的电子简并并导致系统的原子位移,这是在3d钙钛矿中观察到的许多有趣现象的共同基本特征,包括磁性,超导性,轨道有序性和巨磁阻。尽管开创性的Jahn和Teller定理在近一个世纪前就已经提出,但钙钛矿材料中这种效应的起源仍然存在争议,包括超交换,自旋-声子耦合,空间诱导晶格畸变和强动力学相关效应等命题。在这里,我们分析背后的Jahn-Teller运动和相关的电子指纹在ABX 3化合物的全方位的驱动力。我们确定(i)化合物,是倾向于电子驱动的不稳定性(即纯JT效应),例如KCrF 3、KCuF 3或LaVO 3,并继续弛豫结构,定量发现JTD与实验非常一致;(ii)尽管有轨道简并性,但不显示电子驱动的JTD的化合物如LaMnO 3或LaTiO 3,因为它们的强杂化B,d-X,p状态供应,但太弱的JT力,以克服所需的原子扭曲;(iii)虽然LaVO 3表现出类似的B,d-X,p杂化的LaTiO 3,前一种化合物表现出强大的电子不稳定性,而LaTiO 3具有零稳定能,原因是LaVO 3有两个电子t2 g2相对于LaTiO 3只有一个t2 g1。(iv)我们解释了“轨道排序”的趋势,即电子占据轨道,指向所有最近邻3d原子之间的正交方向。因此,我们提供了一个统一的视野来解释八面体变形的钙钛矿,在不符合常识,不需要著名的莫特-哈伯德机制。

英文摘要:

The Jahn-Teller (JT) distortion that can remove electronic degeneracies in partially occupied states and results in systematic atomic displacements is a common underlying feature to many of the intriguing phenomena observed in 3d perovskites, encompassing magnetism, superconductivity, orbital ordering and colossal magnetoresistance. Although the seminal Jahn and Teller theorem has been postulated almost a century ago, the origins of this effect in perovskite materials are still debated, including propositions such as super exchange, spin-phonon coupling, sterically induced lattice distortions, and strong dynamical correlation effects. Here we analyze the driving forces behind the Jahn-Teller motions and associated electronic fingerprints in a full range of ABX3 compounds. We identify (i) compounds that are prone to an electronically-driven instabilities (i.e. a pure JT effect) such as KCrF3, KCuF3 or LaVO3 and proceed to relax the structures, finding quantitatively the JTD in excellent agreement with experiment; (ii) compounds such as LaMnO3 or LaTiO3 that do not show electronically driven JTD despite orbital degeneracies, because their strongly hybridized B, d-X, p states supply but too weak JT forces to overcome the needed atomic distortions; (iii) although LaVO3 exhibits similar B, d-X, p hybridizations as LaTiO3, the former compound exhibits a robust electronic instability while LaTiO3 has zero stabilization energy, the reason being that LaVO3 has two electrons t2g2 relative to LaTiO3 with just one t2g1. (iv) We explain the trends in "orbital ordering" whereby electrons occupy orbitals that point to orthogonal directions between all nearest-neighbor 3d atoms. We thereby provide a unified vision to explain octahedra deformations in perovskites that, at odds with common wisdom, does not require the celebrated Mott-Hubbard mechanism.

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