NoMoS: An $R \times B$ Drift Momentum Spectrometer for Beta Decay Studies
Daniel Moser, Hartmut Abele, Joachim Bosina, Harald Fillunger, Torsten Soldner, Xiangzun Wang, Johann Zmeskal, Gertrud Konrad
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7 pages, 4 figures, accepted to the Proceedings of the International Workshop on Particle Physics at Neutron Sources PPNS 2018, Grenoble, France, May 24-26, 2018
The beta decay of the free neutron provides several probes to test the Standard Model of particle physics as well as to search for extensions thereof. Hence, multiple experiments investigating the decay have already been performed, are under way or are being prepared. These measure the mean lifetime, angular correlation coefficients or various spectra of the charged decay products (proton and electron). NoMoS, the Neutron decay prOducts MOmentum Spectrometer, presents a novel method of momentum spectroscopy: it utilizes the $R \times B$ drift effect to disperse charged particles dependent on their momentum in an uniformly curved magnetic field. This spectrometer is designed to precisely measure momentum spectra and angular correlation coefficients in free neutron beta decay to test the Standard Model and to search for new physics beyond. With NoMoS, we aim to measure inter alia the electron-antineutrino correlation coefficient $a$ and the Fierz interference term $b$ with an ultimate precision of $Δa/a < 0.3\%$ and $Δb < 10^{-3}$ respectively. In this paper, we present the measurement principles, discuss measurement uncertainties and systematics, and give a status update.
Stochastic Heating by ECR as a Novel Means of Background Reduction in the KATRIN Spectrometers
KATRIN实验的主要目标是探测绝对中微子质量标度,灵敏度为200 meV(90% C. L.)。通过精确的氚β衰变光谱学为了达到这个目的,在氚β衰变终点区域需要10 ^(-2)cps量级的低本底。用静电减速谱仪进行的测量表明,在谱仪的体积中由核衰变产生的电子被长时间储存,从而作为超过该极限的本底的主要来源。在本文中,我们提出了一种新的主动本底降低方法的基础上随机加热的存储电子的众所周知的过程中的电子回旋共振(ECR)。在KATRIN预光谱仪的测试测量中,ECR技术的原理证明是成功的,从而大大降低了背景速率。此外,我们已经进行了广泛的蒙特卡罗模拟,以揭示潜在的ECR技术,以消除所有被困的电子在主光谱仪的测量时间可以忽略不计的损失。这将使KATRIN实验充分发挥其物理潜力。
Deconvolution of the energy loss function of the KATRIN experiment
KATRIN实验的目标是以0.2 eV/c^2的灵敏度(在90% C. L.)直接和独立于模型地测定中微子质量。通过测量氚β衰变谱的终点区域。该实验的主要组成部分是一个无窗口的气态氚源(WGTS),差分和低温泵浦部分和一个串联的前和主光谱仪,应用磁绝热准直与静电延迟电位的概念来分析β衰变电子的能量,并引导电子通过过滤器到一个分段的硅PIN探测器。这种实验的一个重要的系统不确定性是由于β衰变电子的能量损失的弹性和非弹性散射的氚分子内的源体积,改变测量光谱的形状。为了校正这些影响,需要对相应的能量损失函数进行独立测量。在这项工作中,我们描述了一种反卷积方法提取的能量损失函数的实验在不同的列密度的WGTS使用单能电子源的响应函数的测量。
A gaseous-helium cooling system for silicon detectors in the Nab experiment
University of Tennessee, Knoxville(田纳西大学诺克斯维尔分校);Oak Ridge National Laboratory(橡树岭国家实验室);Los Alamos National Laboratory(洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室);Arizona State University(亚利桑那州立大学);Eastern Kentucky University(东肯塔基大学);North Carolina State University(北卡罗来纳州立大学);University of Kentucky(肯塔基大学);University of Manitoba(曼尼托巴大学);University of Winnipeg(温尼伯大学);University of Michigan(密歇根大学);University of Virginia(弗吉尼亚大学);University of Tennessee, Chattanooga(田纳西大学查塔努加分校);Massachusetts Institute of Technology(麻省理工学院);Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire de CAEN(卡昂粒子物理实验室);Drexel University(德雷塞尔大学);University of Chicago(芝加哥大学)