细胞铺展过程中板状伪足的起始模型
Model of lamellipodium initiation during cell spreading
摘要：
细胞伸展需要肌动蛋白细胞骨架的主要重组，从皮质结构到片状伪足，其中细丝大多与基底平行。我们提出了一个模型的灵感来自物理学的液晶和流体膜，其中肌动蛋白力学之间的耦合，丝的取向，和局部曲率的细胞膜自然产生的集体重新取向的肌动蛋白丝在高度弯曲的边缘的扩展细胞。细丝取向增加了由聚合肌动蛋白在基底上的摩擦流动所施加的牵引力，在边缘曲率、细丝对齐和促进细胞铺展的牵引力之间产生正反馈回路。我们建立的条件下，这种反馈导致一个完整的润湿过渡，我们解释为一个lamellipodium的启动，我们发现存在的双稳定性之间的部分和完全扩展，这可能会引发自发细胞极化，并导致迁移。
英文摘要：
Cell spreading requires a major reorganisation of the actin cytoskeleton, from a cortical structure to a lamellipodium where filaments are mostly parallel to the substrate. We propose a model inspired by the physics of nematic liquid crystals and fluid membranes, in which the coupling between actin mechanics, filaments orientation, and the local curvature of the cell membrane naturally yields the collective reorientation of actin filaments at the highly curved edge of a spreading cell. Filament orientation increases the traction force exerted by the frictional flow of polymerising actin on the substrate, creating a positive feedback loop between edge curvature, filament alignment, and traction force that promotes cell spreading. We establish the condition under which this feedback leads to a full wetting transition, which we interpret as the initiation of a lamellipodium, and we uncover the existence of bi-stability between partial and full spreading which could trigger spontaneous cell polarization and lead to migration.
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