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arXiv 1906.01237astro-ph.GA
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椭圆星系NGC 5128(半人马座A)分子盘中巨分子云尺度的恒星形成效应

Star Formation Efficiencies at Giant Molecular Cloud Scales in the Molecular Disk of the Elliptical Galaxy NGC 5128 (Centaurus A)

D. Espada, S. Verley, R. E. Miura, F. P. Israel, C. Henkel, S. Matsushita, B. Vila-Vilaro, J. Ott, K. Morokuma-Matsui, A. B. Peck, A. Hirota, S. Aalto, A. C. Qu… 展开作者

D. Espada, S. Verley, R. E. Miura, F. P. Israel, C. Henkel, S. Matsushita, B. Vila-Vilaro, J. Ott, K. Morokuma-Matsui, A. B. Peck, A. Hirota, S. Aalto, A. C. Quillen, M. R. Hogerheijde, N. Neumayer, C. Vlahakis, D. Iono, K. Kohno

摘要:

本文介绍了ALMA CO(1 - 0)对最近的椭圆射电星系NGC 5128(半人马座A)尘埃带的高角分辨率($\sim$ 1角秒,或18 pc)观测,包括从大到小的空间尺度和总通量的信息。我们发现一个总分子气体质量为1.6 $\times$ 10 $^9$ $M_\odot$,我们揭示了存在的附加组件更扩展比以前看到的,高达4千秒差距的半径。我们发现,全球的恒星形成率为$\sim$ 1 \Msol年$^{-1}$,这产生了一个恒星形成效率(SFE)的0.6 Gyr $^{-1}$(耗尽时间$τ=$ 1.5 Gyr),类似于盘星系。我们展示了迄今为止最详细的观点(40秒差距的分辨率)的分子气体和恒星形成之间的关系,在恒星组成的椭圆星系,从几个千秒差距规模的环核区域接近强大的无线电喷流。虽然平均的SFE是类似的旋涡星系,环核盘(CND)提出的SFE为0.3 Gyr $^{-1}$,由一个因素比外盘低4。CND中的低SFE与文献中发现的一些附近具有核活动的盘星系的环核区域的高SFE相反,可能是由于较大的剪切运动和较长的活动星系核反馈。外盘较高的SFE表明,只有具有足够密度和强剪切运动的中心分子气体或细丝才会留在$\sim$ 1 Gyr中,这将导致后来在其他含有冷气体的巨型椭圆星系中常见的紧凑分子分布和低SFE。

英文摘要:

We present ALMA CO(1-0) observations toward the dust lane of the nearest elliptical and radio galaxy, NGC 5128 (Centaurus A), with high angular resolution ($\sim$ 1 arcsec, or 18 pc), including information from large to small spatial scales and total flux. We find a total molecular gas mass of 1.6$\times$10$^9$ $M_\odot$ and we reveal the presence of filamentary components more extended than previously seen, up to a radius of 4 kpc. We find that the global star formation rate is $\sim$1 \Msol yr$^{-1}$, which yields a star formation efficiency (SFE) of 0.6 Gyr$^{-1}$ (depletion time $τ=$1.5 Gyr), similar to those in disk galaxies. We show the most detailed view to date (40\,pc resolution) of the relation between molecular gas and star formation within the stellar component of an elliptical galaxy, from several kpc scale to the circumnuclear region close to the powerful radio jet. Although on average the SFEs are similar to those of spiral galaxies, the circumnuclear disk (CND) presents SFEs of 0.3 Gyr$^{-1}$, lower by a factor of 4 than the outer disk. The low SFE in the CND is in contrast to the high SFEs found in the literature for the circumnuclear regions of some nearby disk galaxies with nuclear activity, probably as a result of larger shear motions and longer AGN feedback. The higher SFEs in the outer disk suggests that only central molecular gas or filaments with sufficient density and strong shear motions will remain in $\sim$1 Gyr, which will later result in the compact molecular distributions and low SFEs usually seen in other giant ellipticals with cold gas.

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