用延时CSEM和MT测量成像和监测冰岛Reykjanes超临界地热储层
Imaging and monitoring the Reykjanes supercritical geothermal reservoir in Iceland with time-lapse CSEM and MT measurements
摘要：
我们已经调查的优点和缺点，主动EM测量（受控源EM或CSEM）监测地热储层在存在强烈的工业噪声与实际的时间推移调查在冰岛Reykjanes地热田的超临界RN-15/IDDP-2地热井的热刺激前后。它表明，一个高的CSEM调查的可重复性可以实现与电场测量（在百分之几），但时间推移MT调查是一项具有挑战性的任务，因为在这个工业化的环境中的文化噪声的高水平。为了评估我们的CSEM数据集的质量，我们对数据进行了反演，并将所得的电阻率模型与RN-15/IDDP-2井中记录的电阻率进行了对比。我们获得了2- 3 km深度的良好匹配，即足以对盖层和以液体为主的储层进行成像，但不足以对超临界条件下的储层进行成像。为了获得这样的图像，我们必须联合反演传统MT数据与我们的CSEM数据。在监测方面，对电场变化的分析无法识别与RN-15/IDDP-2井热刺激相关的任何CSEM信号。一种可能的解释是，由于储层内有限体积上的有限电阻率变化，与所实现的CSEM勘测可重复性相比，延时CSEM信号较弱。
英文摘要：
We have investigated the benefits and drawbacks of active EM surveying (Controlled-Source EM or CSEM) for monitoring geothermal reservoirs in the presence of strong industrial noise with an actual time-lapse survey over the Reykjanes geothermal field in Iceland before and after the thermal stimulation of the supercritical RN-15/IDDP-2 geothermal well. It showed that a high CSEM survey repeatability can be achieved with electric field measurements (within a few percent) but that time-lapse MT survey is a challenging task because of the high level of cultural noise in this industrialized environment. To assess the quality of our CSEM dataset, we inverted the data and confronted the resulting resistivity model with the resistivity logged in the RN-15/IDDP-2 well. We obtained a good match up to 2-3km depth, i.e. enough to image the caprock and the liquid-dominated reservoir but not deep enough to image the reservoir in supercritical conditions. To obtain such an image, we had to jointly invert legacy MT data with our CSEM data. On the monitoring aspects, the analysis of changes in electric fields did not allow to identify any CSEM signal related to the thermal stimulation of the RN-15/IDDP-2 well. One possible explanation is the weakness of the time-lapse CSEM signal compared the achieved CSEM survey repeatability as a result of a limited resistivity change over a limited volume within the reservoir.
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