石墨烯纳米孔的电压门控阳离子间选择性离子通道
Voltage gated inter-cation selective ion channels from graphene nanopores
摘要：
生物蛋白质离子通道具有选择性控制离子流的能力，在许多生理过程中发挥着重要作用。对于需要生物离子通道功能的实际应用，石墨烯提供了一种有前途的固态替代品，由于其原子薄和机械强度。在这里，我们证明了引入到石墨烯膜中的纳米孔，直径高达50 nm，表现出阳离子间的选择性，K+比二价阳离子优先约20倍，并且可以通过施加的栅极电压来调节。石墨烯装置的液体原子力显微镜揭示孔附近的表面纳米气泡负责所观察到的选择性行为。分子动力学模拟表明，离子穿过孔的移位可能经由孔和纳米气泡边缘处的薄水层发生。我们的结果表明，通过固态纳米孔装置和通过利用去湿状态的孔显示的阳离子间选择性的显著改善，提供了一种制造选择性石墨烯膜的方法，该方法不依赖于亚纳米孔的制造。
英文摘要：
With the ability to selectively control ionic flux, biological protein ion channels perform a fundamental role in many physiological processes. For practical applications that require the functionality of a biological ion channel, graphene provides a promising solid-state alternative, due to its atomic thinness and mechanical strength. Here, we demonstrate that nanopores introduced into graphene membranes, as large as 50 nm in diameter, exhibit inter-cation selectivity with a ~20x preference for K+ over divalent cations and can be modulated by an applied gate voltage. Liquid atomic force microscopy of the graphene devices reveals surface nanobubbles near the pore to be responsible for the observed selective behavior. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that translocation of ions across the pore likely occurs via a thin water layer at the edge of the pore and the nanobubble. Our results demonstrate a significant improvement in the inter-cation selectivity displayed by a solid-state nanopore device and by utilizing the pores in a de-wetted state, offers an approach to fabricating selective graphene membranes that does not rely on the fabrication of sub-nm pores.
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