应变耦合振荡器的光学相移快速冷却
Rapid cooling of a strain-coupled oscillator by optical phaseshift measurement
摘要：
我们考虑一个光学探针，它与稀土离子掺杂的悬臂梁形状的材料的合奏相互作用。通过光谱烧孔，离子中的非均匀加宽跃迁准备在窄窗口内传输探测场，但悬臂梁的弯曲会导致材料中的应变，从而使离子共振移位。因此，可以通过探头的相移来记录悬臂的运动。通过连续测量光场，我们可以快速减小悬臂梁的位置和动量不确定性。这样做，探测提取熵，从而有效地冷却运动的热状态，使其朝向一个已知的、有条件的振荡运动，并大大降低热波动。此外，由于光学探针在谐振器上提供与其强度成比例的力，因此可以利用相移测量来创建一个主动反馈回路，从而减少谐振器的热波动。我们从理论上描述了这个系统，并提供了数值模拟，证明了谐振器的位置和动量的不确定性，以及实施的主动冷却协议的快速减少。
英文摘要：
We consider an optical probe that interacts with an ensemble of rare earth ions doping a materialin the shape of a cantilever. By optical spectral hole burning, the inhomogeneously broadenedtransition in the ions is prepared to transmit the probe field within a narrow window, but bendingof the cantilever causes strain in the material which shifts the ion resonances. The motion of thecantilever may thus be registered by the phase shift of the probe. By continuously measuringthe optical field we induce a rapid reduction of the position and momentum uncertainty of thecantilever. Doing so, the probing extracts entropy and thus effectively cools the thermal state ofmotion towards a known, conditional oscillatory motion with strongly reduced thermal fluctuations.Moreover, as the optical probe provides a force on the resonator proportional to its intensity, it ispossible to exploit the phase shift measurements in order to create an active feedback loop, whicheliminates the thermal fluctuations of the resonator. We describe this system theoretically, andprovide numerical simulations which demonstrate the rapid reduction in resonator position andmomentum uncertainty, as well as the implementation of the active cooling protocol.
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