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arXiv 1905.02467math.APmath-phmath.MP
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薛定谔方程的逼近定理与量子涡旋重联

Approximation theorems for the Schrödinger equation and quantum vortex reconnection

Alberto Enciso, Daniel Peralta-Salas

摘要:

我们证明了$\mathbf{R}^3$上的Gross-Pitaevskii方程的光滑解的存在性,该方程具有任意复杂的量子涡旋重联。我们可以跟踪整个过程中旋涡的演变。这允许详细描述重连事件,并验证该方案表现出在实验和数值中观察到的属性,如$t^{1/2}$和宇称定律的变化。我们最感兴趣的解决方案趋于1在无穷远,有有限的金-朗道能量和物理对应的存在下的背景化学势,但我们也考虑的情况下,施瓦茨初始数据和Gross-Pitaevskii方程的环面。在证明中的一个重要组成部分是发展新的整体逼近定理的薛定谔方程的$\mathbf{R}^n$。具体来说,我们证明了一个定性的近似结果,适用于非常一般的时空集上定义的解决方案,也是一个定量的结果,在时空$D \times \mathbf{R}$的产品集的解决方案。这取决于独立感兴趣的亥姆霍兹-汤川方程的频率相关估计。

英文摘要:

We prove the existence of smooth solutions to the Gross-Pitaevskii equation on $\mathbf{R}^3$ that feature arbitrarily complex quantum vortex reconnections. We can track the evolution of the vortices during the whole process. This permits to describe the reconnection events in detail and verify that this scenario exhibits the properties observed in experiments and numerics, such as the $t^{1/2}$ and change of parity laws. We are mostly interested in solutions tending to1 at infinity, which have finite Ginzburg-Landau energy and physically correspond to the presence of a background chemical potential, but we also consider the cases of Schwartz initial data and of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation on the torus. An essential ingredient in the proofs is the development of novel global approximation theorems for the Schrödinger equation on $\mathbf{R}^n$. Specifically, we prove a qualitative approximation result that applies for solutions defined on very general spacetime sets and also a quantitative result for solutions on product sets in spacetime $D \times \mathbf{R}$. This hinges on frequency-dependent estimates for the Helmholtz-Yukawa equation that are of independent interest.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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