laser驱动等离子体加速器中通过随机摩擦的强能量增强
Strong energy enhancement in a laser-driven plasma-based accelerator through stochastic friction
摘要：
传统上，摩擦被理解为消耗能量的物理系统的有效耗散机制，作为涉及移动部件的任何现实设备的不可避免的特征，例如，在机械刹车上。在这项工作中，我们证明，这种直观的图片失去了有效性的非线性量子电动力学，举例说明在一个场景中，空间随机摩擦反直观的结果在一个高度定向的能量流。这种奇特的行为是由辐射摩擦引起的，即，由于辐射的发射而导致的加速电荷的能量损失。我们演示了解析和数值计算如何辐射摩擦可以提高一类特定的激光驱动粒子加速器的性能。我们发现，意想不到的方向能量的提升是由于粒子的能量通过摩擦减少，从而驱动激光可以更有效地加速它们。在定量的情况下，我们发现激光加速粒子的能量增加了几个数量级。
英文摘要：
Conventionally, friction is understood as an efficient dissipation mechanism depleting a physical system of energy as an unavoidable feature of any realistic device involving moving parts, e.g., in mechanical brakes. In this work, we demonstrate that this intuitive picture loses validity in nonlinear quantum electrodynamics, exemplified in a scenario where spatially random friction counter-intuitively results in a highly directional energy flow. This peculiar behavior is caused by radiation friction, i.e., the energy loss of an accelerated charge due to the emission of radiation. We demonstrate analytically and numerically how radiation friction can enhance the performance of a specific class of laser-driven particle accelerators. We find the unexpected directional energy boost to be due to the particles' energy being reduced through friction whence the driving laser can accelerate them more efficiently. In a quantitative case we find the energy of the laser-accelerated particles to be enhanced by orders of magnitude.
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