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arXiv 1905.02142physics.comp-phcond-mat.mtrl-sci
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优化多体原子描述符以增强基于机器学习的原子间势的计算性能

Optimizing many-body atomic descriptors for enhanced computational performance of machine learning based interatomic potentials

Miguel A. Caro

摘要:

我们探索不同的方法来简化原子位置平滑重叠(SOAP)多体原子描述符的评估[Bartók等人,B 87,184115(2013)]。我们的目标是提高基于SOAP的相似性核构造的计算效率。虽然这些改进的原子描述符可用于原子性质的一般表征和插值,但它们的主要目标应用是在高斯近似势(GAP)框架内加速评估基于机器学习的原子间势[Bartók等人,物理修订版信函104,136403(2010)]。我们实现了这一目标,通过表示原子密度在一个近似的可分离的形式,其中包括径向和角通道。然后,我们表示SOAP描述符的元素(即,原子密度的展开系数)的解析形式给出了径向基组的特定选择。最后,我们推导出的展开系数的递推公式。与以前的实现相比,这种新的基于SOAP的描述符允许十倍的加速,同时提高了远距离原子邻居的径向扩展的稳定性,而不会降低GAP模型的插值能力。

英文摘要:

We explore different ways to simplify the evaluation of the smooth overlap of atomic positions (SOAP) many-body atomic descriptor [Bartók et al., Phys. Rev. B 87, 184115 (2013)]. Our aim is to improve the computational efficiency of SOAP-based similarity kernel construction. While these improved atomic descriptors can be used for general characterization and interpolation of atomic properties, their main target application is accelerated evaluation of machine-learning-based interatomic potentials within the Gaussian approximation potential (GAP) framework [Bartók et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 136403 (2010)]. We achieve this objective by expressing the atomic densities in an approximate separable form, which decouples the radial and angular channels. We then express the elements of the SOAP descriptor (i.e., the expansion coefficients for the atomic densities) in analytical form given a particular choice of radial basis set. Finally, we derive recursion formulas for the expansion coefficients. This new SOAP-based descriptor allows for tenfold speedups compared to previous implementations, while improving the stability of the radial expansion for distant atomic neighbors, without degradation of the interpolation power of GAP models.

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