非微扰胶子交换在稠密夸克物质中的有效排斥
Effective repulsion in dense quark matter from non-perturbative gluon exchange
摘要：
在稠密的夸克物质中，夸克之间需要有一个中等强度的矢量排斥力，才能解释夸克核是如何支持比两个太阳质量更重的中子星的。在朗道规范下，我们用非微扰胶子交换研究了这种排斥，参数化为四费米子相互作用和耦合g_V。匹配夸克物质的能量，g_V n_q ^2（其中n_q是夸克的数密度）与夸克交换能的关系，在中等夸克密度下，用有限胶子质量m_g和冻结耦合α_s作为胶子传播子参数，我们发现胶子质量m_g在200 - 600 MeV范围内，α_s = 2 - 4，导致符合中子星现象的g_V。通过估计夸克质量和色味锁定配对能隙的影响，我们发现g_V可以很好地近似为一个味对称的密度递减函数。我们简要地讨论了类似的匹配的矢量排斥和配对吸引。
英文摘要：
A moderately strong vector repulsion between quarks in dense quark matter is needed to explain how a quark core can support neutron stars heavier than two solar masses. We study this repulsion, parametrized by a four-fermion interaction with coupling g_V, in terms of non-perturbative gluon exchange in QCD in the Landau gauge. Matching the energy of quark matter, g_V n_q^2 (where n_q is the number density of quarks) with the quark exchange energy calculated in QCD with a gluon propagator parametrized by a finite gluon mass m_g and a frozen coupling alpha_s, at moderate quark densities, we find that gluon masses m_g in the range 200 - 600 MeV and alpha_s = 2 - 4 lead to a g_V consistent with neutron star phenomenology. Estimating the effects of quark masses and a color-flavor-locked (CFL) pairing gap, we find that g_V can be well approximated by a flavor-symmetric, decreasing function of density. We briefly discuss similar matchings for the isovector repulsion and for the pairing attraction.
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