arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1905.00547cs.AIcs.LGcs.NE
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生物学与人工智能的关系

The relationship between Biological and Artificial Intelligence

illumr Ltd.(illumr有限公司)

George Cevora

摘要:

智能可以被定义为人类完成计算机和动物通常难以完成的任务的能力。人工智能[AI]是一个试图用计算机完成这些任务的领域。人工智能正变得越来越普遍,就像它与生物智能的关系一样。通常,这些说法意味着给定技术成功的机会更高,假设模仿生物智能机制的人工智能系统应该更成功。在这篇文章中,我将讨论人工智能与我们对生物智能机制的了解程度之间的相似性和差异,特别是在人类中。我还将探讨人工智能系统中的仿生学有助于其发展这一假设的有效性,我将论证人工神经网络[ANN]处理任务的方式与生物系统的现有相似性是由于设计决策,而不是潜在机制的固有相似性。本文针对的是那些了解人工智能(尤其是人工神经网络)基础知识的人,他们希望能够更好地评估关于仿生学在人工智能中的价值的通常疯狂的说法。

英文摘要:

Intelligence can be defined as a predominantly human ability to accomplish tasks that are generally hard for computers and animals. Artificial Intelligence [AI] is a field attempting to accomplish such tasks with computers. AI is becoming increasingly widespread, as are claims of its relationship with Biological Intelligence. Often these claims are made to imply higher chances of a given technology succeeding, working on the assumption that AI systems which mimic the mechanisms of Biological Intelligence should be more successful. In this article I will discuss the similarities and differences between AI and the extent of our knowledge about the mechanisms of intelligence in biology, especially within humans. I will also explore the validity of the assumption that biomimicry in AI systems aids their advancement, and I will argue that existing similarity to biological systems in the way Artificial Neural Networks [ANNs] tackle tasks is due to design decisions, rather than inherent similarity of underlying mechanisms. This article is aimed at people who understand the basics of AI (especially ANNs), and would like to be better able to evaluate the often wild claims about the value of biomimicry in AI.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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