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arXiv 1904.09488quant-ph
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双合流Heun方程六次振子的精确解

Exact solutions of the sextic oscillator from the bi-confluent Heun equation

G. Lévai, A. M. Ishkhanyan

摘要:

本文将六次振子作为双合流Heun方程经过适当的变量变换后得到的势函数来讨论。根据先前的结果,该微分方程的解被表示为具有移位和缩放变元的Hermite函数的级数展开。展开系数由三项递推关系式得到。结果表明,这种结构导致已知的准精确可解形式的六次振子时,一些参数以特定的方式选择。通过强制终止的递归关系,厄米函数变成厄米多项式与移位的论点,并在同一时间,多项式表达式获得的参数之一,其根提供的能量特征值。选择$δ=0$时,四次势项被取消,得到{ \it约化}六次振子。结果表明,该势的能量本征值和相应的波函数的表达式与准精确可解形式一致。可能的推广的方法也被提出。

英文摘要:

The sextic oscillator is discussed as a potential obtained from the bi-confluent Heun equation after a suitable variable transformation. Following earlier results, the solutions of this differential equation are expressed as a series expansion of Hermite functions with shifted and scaled arguments. The expansion coefficients are obtained from a three-term recurrence relation. It is shown that this construction leads to the known quasi-exactly solvable form of the sextic oscillator when some parameters are chosen in a specific way. By forcing the termination of the recurrence relation, the Hermite functions turn into Hermite polynomials with shifted arguments, and, at the same time, a polynomial expression is obtained for one of the parameters, the roots of which supply the energy eigenvalues. With the $δ=0$ choice the quartic potential term is cancelled, leading to the {\it reduced} sextic oscillator. It was found that the expressions for the energy eigenvalues and the corresponding wave functions of this potential agree with those obtained from the quasi-exactly solvable formalism. Possible generalizations of the method are also presented.

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