活动半人马座的Photometry：休眠活动半人马座核的颜色
Photometry of active Centaurs: Colors of dormant active Centaur nuclei
摘要：
我们提出了九个半人马座的多波段光度观测。其中五个目标是已知的活跃半人马（167 P/CINEOS，174 P/Echeclus，P/2008 CL 94，P/2011 S1和C/2012 Q1），其他四个是不活跃的半人马，属于两个已知颜色亚群中的红色（83982 Crantor、121725 Aphidas、250112 2002 KY 14和281371 2008 FC 76）。我们测量八个目标的光学颜色，并进行彗星活动的搜索。除了四个不活跃的半人马座外，五个活跃的半人马座中有三个在观察时没有活动迹象，产生了第一次发表的167 P和P/2008 CL 94裸核的颜色测量，没有可能的彗发污染。在P/2011 S1和C/2012 Q1上检测到活性，分别产生相对较高的估计质量损失速率$140\pm20$和$250\pm40$ kg/s。休眠核的颜色与先前公布的颜色一致，表明半人马座尘埃或覆盖碎片的非几何散射对测量颜色的影响很小。我们的观察结果进行了讨论的背景下，半人马座活动的原因和颜色分布的活跃和不活跃的半人马座。我们认为，低近日点轨道的红色半人马座的相对缺乏可能不是直接由于未风化的颗粒物覆盖的表面，而是可能是一般的低近日点半人马座的热处理水平较高的结果。
英文摘要：
We present multiband photometric observations of nine Centaurs. Five of the targets are known active Centaurs (167P/CINEOS, 174P/Echeclus, P/2008 CL94, P/2011 S1, and C/2012 Q1), and the other four are inactive Centaurs belonging to the redder of the two known color subpopulations (83982 Crantor, 121725 Aphidas, 250112 2002 KY14, and 281371 2008 FC76). We measure the optical colors of eight targets and carry out a search for cometary activity. In addition to the four inactive Centaurs, three of the five active Centaurs showed no signs of activity at the time of observation, yielding the first published color measurements of the bare nuclei of 167P and P/2008 CL94 without possible coma contamination. Activity was detected on P/2011 S1 and C/2012 Q1, yielding relatively high estimated mass loss rates of $140\pm20$ and $250\pm40$ kg/s, respectively. The colors of the dormant nuclei are consistent with the previously-published colors, indicating that any effect of non-geometric scattering from Centaur dust or blanketing debris on the measured colors is minimal. The results of our observations are discussed in the context of the cause of Centaur activity and the color distributions of active and inactive Centaurs. We suggest that the relative paucity of red Centaurs with low-perihelion orbits may not be directly due to the blanketing of the surface by unweathered particulates, but could instead be a result of the higher levels of thermal processing on low-perihelion Centaurs in general.
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