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arXiv 1904.07129astro-ph.GA
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早型镓的SPIRE光谱

SPIRE Spectroscopy of Early Type Galaxies

Ryen Carl Lapham, Lisa M. Young

摘要:

我们提出了SPIRE光谱的9个早期型星系(ETGs)代表最富CO和远红外(FIR)明亮的星系的体积有限的星系3D样本。我们的数据包括中到高J CO跃迁(J=4-3到J=13-12)和[CI](1-0)和(2-1)发射线的检测。我们的ETG的CO谱线能量分布(SLED)指示低气体激发,排除NGC 1266。我们使用[CI]发射线来确定中性气体的激发温度,以及估计分子氢的质量。质量同意以及来自CO的质量,使这项技术非常有前途的高红移星系。我们没有发现[NII] 205通量和红外光度之间的趋势,但我们发现[NII] 205/CO(6-5)线比与60/100 $μ$ m红外天文卫星(IRAS)的颜色相关。因此,[NII] 205/CO(6-5)比值可以用来推断尘埃温度,从而推断星际辐射场(ISRF)的强度。光解区(PDR)模型表明,除了典型的[CII],[OI]和FIR通量的[CI]和CO线的使用驱动模型的解决方案,以更高的密度和更低的G $_0$值。简而言之,SPIRE线表明富含CO的ETG中的原子和分子气体具有与其他星系相似的性质。正如从它们的低水平的恒星形成活动所预期的那样,ETG具有相当低的激发CO SLED,从[CI]线推断的低温,以及适度较低的[CI]/CO比率。

英文摘要:

We present SPIRE spectroscopy for 9 early-type galaxies (ETGs) representing the most CO-rich and far-infrared (FIR) bright galaxies of the volume-limited Atlas3D sample. Our data include detections of mid to high J CO transitions (J=4-3 to J=13-12) and the [CI] (1-0) and (2-1) emission lines. CO spectral line energy distributions (SLEDs) for our ETGs indicate low gas excitation, barring NGC 1266. We use the [CI] emission lines to determine the excitation temperature of the neutral gas, as well as estimate the mass of molecular hydrogen. The masses agree well with masses derived from CO, making this technique very promising for high redshift galaxies. We do not find a trend between the [NII] 205 flux and the infrared luminosity, but we do find that the [NII] 205/CO(6-5) line ratio is correlated with the 60/100 $μ$m Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) colors. Thus the [NII] 205/CO(6-5) ratio can be used to infer a dust temperature, and hence the intensity of the interstellar radiation field (ISRF). Photodissociation region (PDR) models show that use of [CI] and CO lines in addition to the typical [CII], [OI], and FIR fluxes drive the model solutions to higher densities and lower values of G$_0$. In short, the SPIRE lines indicate that the atomic and molecular gas in the CO-rich ETGs have similar properties to other galaxies. As might be expected from their low levels of star formation activity, the ETGs have rather low excitation CO SLEDs, low temperatures inferred from the [CI] lines, and modestly lower [CI]/CO ratios.

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