arXiv 1904.017522019-04-03quant-ph

量子临界质量传感

Mass sensing by quantum criticality

Shang-Wu Bin, Xin-You Lü, Tai-Shuang Yin, Gui-Lei Zhu, Qian Bin, Ying Wu

备注：: 5 pages, 4 figures
发表信息：: Published in Optics Letters 44, 630-633 (2019)
DOI：: 10.1364/OL.44.000630

摘要：

质量感测将质量变化与机械振荡器的频移联系起来，其限制由其机械频率分辨率确定。在这里，我们提出了一种方法来扩大一个微小的机械频移，这是小于线宽的机械振荡器，到一个巨大的频移的正常模式。解释地说，机械振荡器的约20 Hz的频移将被放大为正常模式中的1 MHz频移，这将其增加五个数量级。这种增强依赖于机电系统的量子临界点附近出现的灵敏度。我们表明，1赫兹的机械频率偏移可以解决与机械共振频率$ω_b = 11\times 2π$ MHz。即，可以实现分辨率为$Δm /m \sim2Δω_b/ω_b\sim 10^{-8}$的超灵敏机械质量传感器。我们的方法有潜在的应用质量传感和其他技术的基础上的机械振荡器的频移。

英文摘要：

Mass sensing connects the mass variation to a frequency shift of a mechanical oscillator, whose limitation is determined by its mechanical frequency resolution. Here we propose a method to enlarge a minute mechanical frequency shift, which is smaller than the linewidth of the mechanical oscillator, into a huge frequency shift of the normal mode. Explicitly, a frequency shift of about 20 Hz of the mechanical oscillator would be magnified to be a 1 MHz frequency shift in the normal mode, which increases it by five orders of magnitude. This enhancement relies on the sensitivity appearing near the quantum critical point of the electromechanical system. We show that a mechanical frequency shift of 1 Hz could be resolved with a mechanical resonance frequency $ω_b = 11\times 2π$ MHz. Namely, an ultrasensitive mechanical mass sensor of the resolution $Δm /m \sim2Δω_b/ω_b\sim 10^{-8}$ could be achieved. Our method has potential application in mass sensing and other techniques based on the frequency shift of a mechanical oscillator.

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