银河系可居住性的高级方面
Advanced Aspects of the Galactic Habitability
摘要：
上下文近年来，银河系的天体生物学演化（或其“天体生物学景观”的形状）已成为关键研究课题之一。为了建立银河系可居住性的精确的定量模型，我们需要在最普遍的背景下解释生命和智慧的两种相反趋势：向所有可用的生态位扩散的趋势（传统上被称为“殖民化”）和屈服于各种类型的存在灾难的趋势（“灾难主义”）。这些进化趋势已经成为生态学、宏观进化、风险分析和未来研究等领域的研究对象，而迄今为止还缺乏严肃的天体生物学治疗。目的。我们的目标是数值研究银河系中生命的扩张（胚种说，殖民化）和灭绝（灾难机制）的对立过程的动力学。方法.为了研究天体生物学动力学，我们采用了一种新型的基于一维概率元胞自动机的数值模拟方法，具有很高的时间分辨率。结果虽然所检查的参数空间的最大部分显示出非常低的可居住性值，正如预期的那样，其余部分具有一些观察上吸引人的特征，这意味着，除其他事项外，解决费米悖论所需的微调量减少。结论.银河系宜居性的高级方面可以通过大规模并行计算机模拟进行精确研究。有区域的参数空间对应于一个准稳态满足可观测的约束条件，并拥有可行的SETI目标。
英文摘要：
Context. Astrobiological evolution of the Milky Way (or the shape of its "astrobiological landscape") has emerged as one of the key research topics in recent years. In order to build precise, quantitative models of the Galactic habitability, we need to account for two opposing tendencies of life and intelligence in the most general context: the tendency to spread to all available ecological niches (conventionally dubbed "colonization") and the tendency to succumb to various types of existential catastrophes ("catastrophism"). These evolutionary tendencies have become objects of study in fields such as ecology, macroevolution, risk analysis, and futures studies, while a serious astrobiological treatment has been lacking so far. Aims. Our aim is to numerically investigate the dynamics of opposed processes of expansion (panspermia, colonization) and extinction (catastrophic mechanisms) of life in the Galaxy. Methods. We employ a new type of numerical simulation based on 1D probabilistic cellular automaton with very high temporal resolution, in order to study astrobiological dynamics. Results. While the largest part of the examined parameter space shows very low habitability values, as expected, the remaining part has some observationally appealing features that imply, among other things, a reduction in the amount of fine-tuning necessary for resolving the Fermi paradox. Conclusions. Advanced aspects of Galactic habitability are amenable to precision studies using massive parallel computer simulations. There are regions of parameter space corresponding to a quasi-stationary state satisfying observable constraints and possessing viable SETI targets.
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