Wide-field Multi-object Spectroscopy to Enhance Dark Energy Science from LSST
Rachel Mandelbaum, Jonathan Blazek, Nora Elisa Chisari, Thomas Collett, Lluís Galbany, Eric Gawiser, Renée A. Hložek, Alex G. Kim, C. Danielle Leonard, Michelle… 展开作者
Rachel Mandelbaum, Jonathan Blazek, Nora Elisa Chisari, Thomas Collett, Lluís Galbany, Eric Gawiser, Renée A. Hložek, Alex G. Kim, C. Danielle Leonard, Michelle Lochner, Jeffrey A. Newman, Daniel J. Perrefort, Samuel J. Schmidt, Sukhdeep Singh, Mark Sullivan
备注:
Submitted to the call for Astro2020 science white papers; tables with estimates of telescope time needed for a supernova host survey can be seen at http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/36041
LSST将在未来十年为宇宙学开辟新的前景,但如果没有其他望远镜的数据,它就无法充分发挥其潜力。利用4- 15米望远镜上的宽视场($>20$度$^2$总测量面积)、高度多路复用光学和近红外多目标光谱学(MOS),可以大大增强宇宙学约束。这可以以适当设计的大型调查和/或社区访问的形式来实现,以便为现有项目增加新的目标。首先,可以使用测光样本与跨越数千平方米的$0 < z < 3$光谱样本的互相关来高精度地校准测光红移。°的微弱的LSST天体和透镜映射与这些光谱样本的互相关也可以通过约束内在排列系统学来改善弱透镜宇宙学,并且还将为修正的引力理论提供新的测试。大样本的LSST强透镜系统和超新星可以最有效地研究的光谱调查覆盖尽可能多的LSST河外足迹(高达$\sim20,000$平方度)。最后,红移可以有效地测量大部分的超新星在LSST深钻领域(DDFs)的目标,他们的主机与宽场摄谱仪。在广泛的调查中瞄准遥远的星系,超新星和强透镜系统(例如)位于LSST足迹北部的DESI或MSE或位于南部的4 MOST可以实现其中许多收益; DESI,4 MOST,斯巴鲁/PFS或MSE都非常适合DDF调查。最有效的解决方案是在南半球安装一种新的宽视场、高度多路复用的光谱仪器,其孔径为$>6$ m。在两个配套的白皮书中,我们介绍了深,小面积MOS和单目标成像和光谱学的收益。
英文摘要:
LSST will open new vistas for cosmology in the next decade, but it cannot reach its full potential without data from other telescopes. Cosmological constraints can be greatly enhanced using wide-field ($>20$ deg$^2$ total survey area), highly-multiplexed optical and near-infrared multi-object spectroscopy (MOS) on 4-15m telescopes. This could come in the form of suitably-designed large surveys and/or community access to add new targets to existing projects. First, photometric redshifts can be calibrated with high precision using cross-correlations of photometric samples against spectroscopic samples at $0 < z < 3$ that span thousands of sq. deg. Cross-correlations of faint LSST objects and lensing maps with these spectroscopic samples can also improve weak lensing cosmology by constraining intrinsic alignment systematics, and will also provide new tests of modified gravity theories. Large samples of LSST strong lens systems and supernovae can be studied most efficiently by piggybacking on spectroscopic surveys covering as much of the LSST extragalactic footprint as possible (up to $\sim20,000$ square degrees). Finally, redshifts can be measured efficiently for a high fraction of the supernovae in the LSST Deep Drilling Fields (DDFs) by targeting their hosts with wide-field spectrographs. Targeting distant galaxies, supernovae, and strong lens systems over wide areas in extended surveys with (e.g.) DESI or MSE in the northern portion of the LSST footprint or 4MOST in the south could realize many of these gains; DESI, 4MOST, Subaru/PFS, or MSE would all be well-suited for DDF surveys. The most efficient solution would be a new wide-field, highly-multiplexed spectroscopic instrument in the southern hemisphere with $>6$m aperture. In two companion white papers we present gains from deep, small-area MOS and from single-target imaging and spectroscopy.
Uniform Rolling: An LSST Observing Cadence Offering Sufficient Survey Uniformity for Comprehensive Cosmological Analysis
Imperial College London(帝国理工学院);Argonne National Laboratory(阿贡国家实验室);Stanford University(斯坦福大学);SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory(斯坦福直线加速器中心);Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey(新泽西州立罗格斯大学);University College London(伦敦大学学院);University of Toronto(多伦多大学);Duke University(杜克大学);University of the Western Cape(西开普敦大学);Carnegie Mellon University(卡内基梅隆大学);University of Pittsburgh(匹兹堡大学);University of Cambridge(剑桥大学);Stockholm University(斯德哥尔摩大学);University of Washington(华盛顿大学)
The Photometric LSST Astronomical Time-series Classification Challenge (PLAsTiCC): Selection of a performance metric for classification probabilities balancing diverse science goals
Extracting intrinsic alignments in the Dark Energy Survey's year 1 data, using the self-calibration method and LSST-DESC tools
Newcastle University(纽卡斯尔大学);The University of Texas at Dallas(德克萨斯大学达拉斯分校);Harvard University(哈佛大学);Duke University(杜克大学);University of Edinburgh(爱丁堡大学);University of Chicago(芝加哥大学)
Recommended Target Fields for Commissioning the Vera C. Rubin Observatory
Vera C的调试团队。鲁宾天文台正在计划一套工程和科学验证观测与遗产调查的空间和时间(LSST)调试相机,然后鲁宾天文台LSST相机。这些观测的时间框架尚未确定,委托小组将灵活选择观测领域。在本文件中,暗能量科学合作(DESC)委托工作组提出了一个优先的目标领域清单,适合测试DESC相关科学性能的各个方面,按季节分组,以便从Cerro Pachon的鲁宾天文台获得可见度。我们推荐的字段包括用于照片- $z$和形状校准目的的深度钻探字段(DDFs)到完整的LSST深度,用于去混合研究的HST成像字段到完整的深度,以及几个过滤器中的$\sim$ 200平方度区域到1年深度,用于DESC广域科学案例的更高级别验证。我们还预计,将需要委托观测的模板建设瞬态科学在广泛的RA范围。我们包括我们推荐的字段的详细描述以及相关的参考资料。我们乐观地认为,这份文件将继续在LSST操作中发挥作用,因为它提供了一个全面的重叠数据集列表和描述它们的参考文献。
Redshift Assessment Infrastructure Layers (RAIL): Rubin-era photometric redshift stress-testing and at-scale production
Ruhr University Bochum(鲁尔大学波鸿);SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory(斯坦福直线加速器中心);Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (KIPAC), Stanford University(卡弗里粒子天体物理与宇宙学研究所,斯坦福大学);Université Clermont-Auvergne, CNRS, LPCA(克莱蒙奥弗涅大学,法国国家科学研究中心,LPCA);McWilliams Center for Cosmology and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University(梅斯威尔宇宙学与天体物理中心,卡内基梅隆大学物理系)
RAIL 是一个开源 Python 库,用于大规模概率光度红移估计,提供模块化工具进行端到端压力测试和红移 PDF 估算,适用于多种科学目标。
A Joint Roman Space Telescope and Rubin Observatory Synthetic Wide-Field Imaging Survey
我们提出并验证了20度$^2$的重叠合成成像调查,代表了南希格雷斯罗马空间望远镜高纬度成像调查(HLIS)的全深度和五年的观察维拉C。Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time(鲁宾天文台时空遗产巡天)这两个综合调查进行了总结,参考现有的300度$^2$的LSST模拟成像的一部分,暗能量科学合作(DESC)数据挑战2(DC 2)。这两次合成巡天观测到的是同一个模拟的DESC DC 2宇宙。对于合成罗马调查,我们首次模拟了全彩色图像以及使用飞行探测器从实验室测量中获得的传感器芯片组件的详细物理特性。模拟成像和所得到的物体光度特性的像素级测量跨越$\sim$ 0.3至2.0 $μ$ m的波长范围。我们还描述了罗马模拟管道的更新,相对于原始DC 2模拟的天体物理对象模拟方式的变化,以及由此产生的模拟罗马数据产品。我们使用这些模拟来探索LSST图像中未识别的混合物的相对比例,发现在LSST图像中识别的$i$波段亮度大于25的对象中有20-30%可以被识别为罗马图像中的多个对象。这些模拟为2020年代后半期开发和验证地基和天基成像数据集的像素级联合分析技术-特别是Roman-LSST联合分析-提供了一个独特的试验场。