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arXiv 1903.09256cond-mat.mes-hall
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分数量子霍尔区的非线性光学

Nonlinear optics in the fractional quantum Hall regime

Patrick Knüppel, Sylvain Ravets, Martin Kroner, Stefan Fält, Werner Wegscheider, Atac Imamoglu

摘要:

设计光子间的强相互作用是量子科学的一个重大挑战。预期的应用范围从用于量子信息处理的光子门的实现到用于强关联驱动耗散系统的研究的光子量子材料的合成。基于光子与光学谐振腔中的原子或电子激发的强耦合的极化激元学已经成为实现这些任务的有希望的方法。最近的实验证明了激子-极化激元系统中量子关联的发生,表明如果相互作用强一个数量级,则可以实现强极化激元阻断。在这里,我们报告的时间分辨的四波混频实验的二维电子系统嵌入在一个光学腔,表明极化激元极化激元相互作用强烈增强时,电子最初是在分数量子霍尔状态。我们的实验表明,除了在电子基态的强关联,激子-电子相互作用导致的极化子极化激元的形成发挥了关键作用,在增强非线性光学响应。除了在实现强相互作用光子系统中的潜在应用外,我们的研究结果表明,非线性光学测量可以提供线性光学响应中无法获得的分数量子霍尔态的信息。

英文摘要:

Engineering strong interactions between optical photons is a great challenge for quantum science. Envisioned applications range from the realization of photonic gates for quantum information processing to synthesis of photonic quantum materials for investigation of strongly-correlated driven-dissipative systems. Polaritonics, based on the strong coupling of photons to atomic or electronic excitations in an optical resonator, has emerged as a promising approach to implement those tasks. Recent experiments demonstrated the onset of quantum correlations in the exciton-polariton system, showing that strong polariton blockade could be achieved if interactions were an order of magnitude stronger. Here, we report time resolved four-wave mixing experiments on a two-dimensional electron system embedded in an optical cavity, demonstrating that polariton-polariton interactions are strongly enhanced when the electrons are initially in a fractional quantum Hall state. Our experiments indicate that in addition to strong correlations in the electronic ground state, exciton-electron interactions leading to the formation of polaron polaritons play a key role in enhancing the nonlinear optical response. Besides potential applications in realization of strongly interacting photonic systems, our findings suggest that nonlinear optical measurements could provide information about fractional quantum Hall states that is not accessible in linear optical response.

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