arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1903.04488cs.LGcs.DCmath.OCstat.ML
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通信高效的分布式SGD与草图

Communication-efficient distributed SGD with Sketching

Amazon(亚马逊);UC Berkeley(加州大学伯克利分校);Johns Hopkins University(约翰斯·霍普金斯大学)

Nikita Ivkin, Daniel Rothchild, Enayat Ullah, Vladimir Braverman, Ion Stoica, Raman Arora

摘要:

神经网络的大规模分布式训练通常受到网络带宽的限制,其中通信时间超过本地计算时间。灵感的草图方法在子线性/流算法的成功,我们介绍了草图SGD,一种算法进行分布式SGD通过通信草图,而不是全梯度。我们表明,草图SGD具有良好的几类功能的收敛速度。当考虑所有通信(梯度和更新的模型权重)时,与从$\mathcal{O}(d)$或$\mathcal{O}(W)$到$\mathcal{O}(\log d)$的其他梯度压缩方法相比,Sketched SGD减少了所需的通信量,其中$d$是模型参数的数量,而$W$是参与培训的工人数量。我们在一个Transformer模型、一个LSTM和一个残差网络上进行了实验,证明了总通信成本降低了40倍,而最终模型性能没有损失。我们还通过实验表明,Sketched SGD可扩展到至少256名工人,而不会增加通信成本或降低模型性能。

英文摘要:

Large-scale distributed training of neural networks is often limited by network bandwidth, wherein the communication time overwhelms the local computation time. Motivated by the success of sketching methods in sub-linear/streaming algorithms, we introduce Sketched SGD, an algorithm for carrying out distributed SGD by communicating sketches instead of full gradients. We show that Sketched SGD has favorable convergence rates on several classes of functions. When considering all communication -- both of gradients and of updated model weights -- Sketched SGD reduces the amount of communication required compared to other gradient compression methods from $\mathcal{O}(d)$ or $\mathcal{O}(W)$ to $\mathcal{O}(\log d)$, where $d$ is the number of model parameters and $W$ is the number of workers participating in training. We run experiments on a transformer model, an LSTM, and a residual network, demonstrating up to a 40x reduction in total communication cost with no loss in final model performance. We also show experimentally that Sketched SGD scales to at least 256 workers without increasing communication cost or degrading model performance.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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