Electromagnetic probes of primordial black holes as dark matter
Y. Ali-Haimoud, S. Clesse, J. Garcia-Bellido, A. Kashlinsky, L. Wyrzykowski, A. Achucarro, L. Amendola, J. Annis, A. Arbey, R. G. Arendt, F. Atrio-Barandela, N.… 展开作者
Y. Ali-Haimoud, S. Clesse, J. Garcia-Bellido, A. Kashlinsky, L. Wyrzykowski, A. Achucarro, L. Amendola, J. Annis, A. Arbey, R. G. Arendt, F. Atrio-Barandela, N. Bellomo, K. Belotsky, J-L. Bernal, S. Bird, V. Bozza, C. Byrnes, S. Calchi Novati, F. Calore, B. J. Carr, J. Chluba, I. Cholis, A. Cieplak, P. Cole, I. Dalianis, A-C. Davis, T. Davis, V. De Luca, I. Dvorkin, R. Emparan, J-M. Ezquiaga, P. Fleury, G. Franciolini, D. Gaggero, J. Georg, C. Germani, G-F. Giudice, A. Goobar, G. Hasinger, A. Hector, M . Hundertmark, G. Hutsi, R. Jansen, M. Kamionkowski, M. Kawasaki, D. Kazanas, A. Kehagias, M. Khlopov, A. Knebe, K. Kohri, S. Koushiappas, E. Kovetz, F. Kuhnel, J. MacGibbon, L. Marzola, E. Mediavilla, P. Meszaros, P. Mroz, J. Munoz, I. Musco, S. Nesseris, O. Ozsoy, P. Pani, V. Poulin, A. Raccanelli, D. Racco, M. Raidal, C. Ranc, N. Rattenbury, J. Rhodes, M. Ricotti, A. Riotto, S. Rubin, J. Rubio, E. Ruiz-Morales, M. Sasaki, J. Schnittman, Y. Shvartzvald, R. Street, M. Takada, V. Takhistov, H. Tashiro, G. Tasinato, G. Tringas, C. Unal, Y. Tada, Y. Tsapras, V. Vaskonen, H. Veermae, F. Vidotto, S. Watson, R. Windhorst, S. Yokoyama, S. Young
备注：
Science whitepaper submitted to the Astro2020 Decadal Survey
The LIGO discoveries have rekindled suggestions that primordial black holes (BHs) may constitute part to all of the dark matter (DM) in the Universe. Such suggestions came from 1) the observed merger rate of the BHs, 2) their unusual masses, 3) their low/zero spins, and 4) also from the independently uncovered cosmic infrared background (CIB) fluctuations signal of high amplitude and coherence with unresolved cosmic X-ray background (CXB). Here we summarize the prospects to resolve this important issue with electromagnetic observations using the instruments and tools expected in the 2020's. These prospects appear promising to make significant, and potentially critical, advances. We demonstrate that in the next decade, new space- and ground-borne electromagnetic instruments, combined with concurrent theoretical efforts, should shed critical light on the long-considered link between primordial BHs and DM. Specifically the new data and methodologies under this program will involve: I) Probing with high precision the spatial spectrum of source-subtracted CIB with Euclid and WFIRST, and its coherence with unresolved cosmic X-ray background using eROSITA and Athena, II) Advanced searches for microlensing of Galactic stars by the intervening Galactic Halo BHs with OGLE, Gaia, LSST and WFIRST, III) Supernovae (SNe) lensing in the upcoming surveys with WFIRST, LSST and also potentially with Euclid and JWST, IV) Advanced theoretical work to understand the details of PBH accretion and evolution and their influence on cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies in light of the next generation CMB experiments, V) Better new samples and theoretical understanding involving stability and properties of ultra faint dwarf galaxies, pulsar timing, and cosmological quasar lensing.
Cross-correlation between CMB B-modes and Faraday Rotation as a Novel Probe of Primordial Magnetic Fields
Kavli IPMU (WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo（木下浦和宇宙物理研究所（世界顶级学术前沿中心），多伦多大学天体物理与空间科学系，东京大学）；Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge（剑桥大学应用数学与理论物理系）；Kavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge（剑桥大学卡弗里宇宙学研究所）
Pulsar Timing Probes of Primordial Black Holes and Subhalos
脉冲星就像精确的时钟，对引力红移和由物质团过境引起的加速度很敏感。我们研究脉冲星定时阵列（PTA）的灵敏度，以单一过境紧凑的对象，专注于原始黑洞和紧凑的subhalos的质量范围从$10^{-12} M _{\odot}$到$100~M_\odot$以上。我们发现，平方公里阵列可以约束这样的对象是一个次主导的组成部分的暗物质在这整个质量范围内，与灵敏度的暗物质子组件达到次百分比的水平在这一范围内的重要部分。我们还发现，PTA提供了一个机会，探测密度大大低于透镜的对象，因为大的有效半径，这些对象可以被观察到，我们量化的subhalo浓度参数，可以被约束。
Primordial features as probes of baryogenesis from supersymmetric flat directions
Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica（中央研究院物理研究所）；Institute for Theory and Computation, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics（哈佛-史密森尼天体物理中心理论与计算研究所）；Department of Physics, Harvard University（哈佛大学物理系）；International Center of Theoretical Physics-Asia Pacific（理论物理中心亚太中心）；Institute of High Energy Physics（高能物理研究所）；Department of Physics, Brown University（布朗大学物理系）
Twisted echoes of an odd quartet: Scalar-induced gravitational waves as a probe of primordial parity-violation
Università degli Studi di Padova（帕多瓦大学）；Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Padova（意大利国家核物理研究所帕多瓦分部）；Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova（意大利国家天体物理研究所帕多瓦天文台）
Supernova microlensing as a probe of ultracompact minihalos and primordial cosmology
Institute for Particle Physics Phenomenology, Department of Physics, Durham University（达勒姆大学粒子物理现象学研究所）；Center for Particle Cosmology, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania（宾夕法尼亚大学天体物理学与宇宙学中心）；Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute)（马克斯·普朗克引力物理研究所（阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦研究所））；Instituto de Física Teórica UAM/CSIC（马德里自治大学/西班牙国家研究委员会理论物理研究所）
该研究提出利用超新星微引力透镜搜寻超致密小暗晕等延展暗结构，计算其探测效率并可约束原初功率谱，有望借助Vera C. Rubin天文台的LSST超新星样本成为早期宇宙物理的互补探针。
Lensing of fast radio bursts: future constraints on primordial black hole density with an extended mass function and a new probe of exotic compact fermion and boson stars
