感觉皮层在“边做边学”的行为益处中的因果作用
A causal role of sensory cortices in behavioral benefits of 'learning by doing'
摘要：
尽管在实践中越来越多地使用“边做边学”的教学方法，但人们对这些方法如何提高学习效果知之甚少。在这里，我们表明，视觉关联皮层因果地有助于性能的好处，从做的方法学习。这一发现来自于22名年轻人进行的经颅磁刺激（TMS）和手势丰富的外语（L2）词汇学习范例。与假刺激相比，视觉运动皮层的抑制性TMS降低了抽象和具体手势丰富的单词的学习效果。有没有TMS的影响与图片学习的单词。这些结果在两种神经科学学习理论的相反预测之间做出了裁决：虽然基于再激活的理论预测视觉运动皮层在词汇学习结果中没有功能作用，但目前的研究支持预测编码理论观点，即专门的感觉皮层沉淀了基于感觉运动的学习益处。
英文摘要：
Despite a rise in the use of "learning by doing" pedagogical methods in praxis, little is known as to how these methods improve learning outcomes. Here we show that visual association cortex causally contributes to performance benefits of a learning by doing method. This finding derives from transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and a gesture-enriched foreign language (L2) vocabulary learning paradigm performed by 22 young adults. Inhibitory TMS of visual motion cortex reduced learning outcomes for abstract and concrete gesture-enriched words in comparison to sham stimulation. There were no TMS effects on words learned with pictures. These results adjudicate between opposing predictions of two neuroscientific learning theories: While reactivation-based theories predict no functional role of visual motion cortex in vocabulary learning outcomes, the current study supports the predictive coding theory view that specialized sensory cortices precipitate sensorimotor-based learning benefits.
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