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arXiv 1902.09766cond-mat.stat-mechmath-phmath.MPphysics.class-ph
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概率测度空间中的表示与发散与随机热力学

Representations and Divergences in the Space of Probability Measures and Stochastic Thermodynamics

Liu Hong, Hong Qian, Lowell F. Thompson

摘要:

在具有密度的概率测度空间的仿射结构中,两个测度之间的Radon-Nikodym(RN)导数自然产生.熵,自由能,相对熵,和熵产生的数学概念与RN衍生物的介绍。我们确定了一个简单的方程,连接两个措施与密度作为一个可能的数学基础的熵平衡方程,在非平衡态热力学的中心。应用这种形式主义的吉布斯正则分布产生了许多结果,在经典热力学。在概率测度空间中引入了一个基于正则表示的仿射结构和两个发散。结果表明,热力学功作为条件期望,是两个能量表示之间的RN导数奇异的指示。熵发散和热发散分别产生基于Massieu-Planck势的和推广的卡诺不等式。

英文摘要:

Radon-Nikodym (RN) derivative between two measures arises naturally in the affine structure of the space of probability measures with densities. Entropy, free energy, relative entropy, and entropy production as mathematical concepts associated with RN derivatives are introduced. We identify a simple equation that connects two measures with densities as a possible mathematical basis of the entropy balance equation that is central in nonequilibrium thermodynamics. Application of this formalism to Gibbsian canonical distribution yields many results in classical thermomechanics. An affine structure based on the canonical represenation and two divergences are introduced in the space of probability measures. It is shown that thermodynamic work, as a conditional expectation, is indictive of the RN derivative between two energy represenations being singular. The entropy divergence and the heat divergence yield respectively a Massieu-Planck potential based and a generalized Carnot inequalities.

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