影响泛函、退相干与共形耦合标量
Influence functionals, decoherence and conformally coupled scalars
摘要：
对广义相对论的一些最简单的修正涉及到将附加的标量场耦合到标量曲率上。通过对度规进行外尔重标度，这些理论可以映射到爱因斯坦引力，而附加的标量场则普遍耦合到物质。由此产生的与物质的耦合产生了标量第五力，它可以通过所谓的屏蔽机制来逃避当地重力测试的严格约束。在这个演讲中，我们通过Feynman-Vernon影响泛函推导出玩具物质扇区约化密度算子矩阵元的演化方程。特别是，我们采用了一种新的方法类似于LSZ减少更熟悉的散射矩阵理论。由此产生的方程允许分析，例如，在原子干涉实验中引起的退相干由这些类的修改后的引力理论。
英文摘要：
Some of the simplest modifications to general relativity involve the coupling of additional scalar fields to the scalar curvature. By making a Weyl rescaling of the metric, these theories can be mapped to Einstein gravity with the additional scalar fields instead being coupled universally to matter. The resulting couplings to matter give rise to scalar fifth forces, which can evade the stringent constraints from local tests of gravity by means of so-called screening mechanisms. In this talk, we derive evolution equations for the matrix elements of the reduced density operator of a toy matter sector by means of the Feynman-Vernon influence functional. In particular, we employ a novel approach akin to the LSZ reduction more familiar to scattering-matrix theory. The resulting equations allow the analysis, for instance, of decoherence induced in atom-interferometry experiments by these classes of modified theories of gravity.
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