Reliable State Machines：一个可靠云服务编程框架
Reliable State Machines: A Framework for Programming Reliable Cloud Services
摘要：
为云构建可靠的应用程序具有挑战性，因为程序执行期间会出现不可预测的故障。本文提出了一种称为可靠状态机（RSM）的编程框架，通过构造提供容错。使用我们的框架，程序员可以将应用程序构建为几个（可能是分布式的）通过消息相互通信的RSM，这与基于角色的编程风格非常相似。每个RSM在设计上都具有额外的容错性，并提供了“永远活着”的错觉。正如在无故障环境中所期望的那样，RSM保证对每个输入请求只处理一次。RSM运行时自动处理持久化状态并在故障转移时对其进行恢复。我们提出了RSM的核心语法和语义，以及一个正式的证明失败的透明度。我们在.NET平台上提供了RSM框架和运行时的实现，用于将服务部署到Microsoft Azure。我们进行了广泛的性能评估的微基准测试，以表明可以建立高吞吐量的应用程序与RSM。我们还提供了一个案例研究，在这个案例中，我们使用RSM重写了生产云服务的重要部分。最终的服务具有更简单的代码和生产级的性能。
英文摘要：
Building reliable applications for the cloud is challenging because of unpredictable failures during a program's execution. This paper presents a programming framework called Reliable State Machines (RSMs), that offers fault-tolerance by construction. Using our framework, a programmer can build an application as several (possibly distributed) RSMs that communicate with each other via messages, much in the style of actor-based programming. Each RSM is additionally fault-tolerant by design and offers the illusion of being "always-alive". An RSM is guaranteed to process each input request exactly once, as one would expect in a failure-free environment. The RSM runtime automatically takes care of persisting state and rehydrating it on a failover. We present the core syntax and semantics of RSMs, along with a formal proof of failure-transparency. We provide an implementation of the RSM framework and runtime on the .NET platform for deploying services to Microsoft Azure. We carried out an extensive performance evaluation on micro-benchmarks to show that one can build high-throughput applications with RSMs. We also present a case study where we rewrote a significant part of a production cloud service using RSMs. The resulting service has simpler code and exhibits production-grade performance.
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