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arXiv 1902.09285astro-ph.EP
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与邻近卫星的平均运动共振:系外行星J1407b环中观测到的间隙的不太可能的起源

Mean Motion Resonances With Nearby Moons: An Unlikely Origin For The Gaps Observed In The Ring Around The Exoplanet J1407b

Phil J Sutton

摘要:

利用数值模型研究了J1407 b环系统与其附近卫星的平均运动共振(MMR)是否是观测到的0.0267AU宽隙位于0.4AU处的原因。只有一颗0.63天文单位的卫星(相当于2:1的MMR)在短时间内(不到100年)形成了0.4天文单位的间隙。然而,一颗低质量的卫星(0.08地球质量)的接近导致了0.6天文单位外环边缘的显著散射,以及在3:2 MMR(0.485天文单位)处形成的额外间隙,这与观测结果不一致。在MMR 3:1、4:1、7:3和5:3的卫星模型中,在小于100年的时间段内,在0.4天文单位处都没有形成间隙。相反,在3:2和2:1 MMR的环中形成间隙,导致径向位置处的间隙在0.44- 0.56 AU之间。此外,间隙的形成时间也比J1407 b绕主星的一个轨道周期长。鉴于J1407 b是在一个高度偏心的轨道上,并且被认为在远心处强烈地扰动环,因此似乎不太可能由于MMR与附近的卫星形成间隙,而不是嵌入卫星。包括一个适当的总质量的环等于地球的阻尼效应上的差距形成过程中,导致增加所需的时间,以打开一个差距,由于磁共振。因此,我们得出结论,在0.4 AU处观察到的间隙不太可能是由MMR与附近卫星引起的。

英文摘要:

With the use of numerical models, we investigate whether Mean Motion Resonances (MMR) with nearby moons to the J1407b ring system were the cause of the observed 0.0267AU wide gap located at 0.4AU. Only one location of a moon at 0.63AU (corresponding to a 2:1 MMR) was found to form a gap at 0.4AU over short time periods of less than 100yr. However, the proximity of a low mass moon (0.08 Earth masses) caused significant scattering of the outer ring edge at 0.6AU, along with the formation of an additional gap at the 3:2 MMR (0.485 AU), which is not consistent with observations. Further models with moons located at MMR 3:1, 4:1, 7:3 and 5:3 failed to form gaps at 0.4AU for time periods less than 100yr. Instead, gaps were formed in the ring at 3:2 and 2:1 MMR which resulted in gaps at radial locations between 0.44-0.56AU. Additionally, gaps also take longer than one orbital period of J1407b about the primary to form. Given that J1407b is on a highly eccentric orbit and is thought to strongly perturb the ring at apocentre it appears unlikely that gaps form due to MMR with nearby moons as opposed to embedded moons. Including an appropriate total mass of the ring equal to Earth a dampening effect was witnessed on the gap formation process, causing an increase in the time required to open a gap due to MMR. Therefore, we conclude the observed gap at 0.4 AU is unlikely to be caused by MMR with nearby moons.

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