Geomagnetic Field的时空变化：来自正向和反向核心场模型的见解
Spatial And Temporal Changes Of The Geomagnetic Field: Insights From Forward And Inverse Core Field Models
摘要：
本文回顾了地磁场从年际到千年周期变化的观测限制，并讨论了当前地磁场模型（包括考古到卫星时代）的分辨率。从资料同化的角度出发，重点讨论了高斯系数的不确定性和地基记录的统计特性。后者可能需要抛弃地磁急动的概念。我们恢复年际变化的准确性还需要谨慎考虑从卫星数据长期加速度中看到的明显周期性。然后，我处理的解释记录的磁波动的核心动力学，强调需要模型，允许（或预设）的磁能数量级大于动能在大的长度尺度，未来的数值模拟的地球发电机的目标。最后，我回忆起第一次尝试实现地磁数据同化算法。
英文摘要：
Observational constraints on geomagnetic field changes from interannual to millenial periods are reviewed, and the current resolution of field models (covering archeological to satellite eras) is discussed. With the perspective of data assimilation, emphasis is put on uncertainties entaching Gauss coefficients, and on the statistical properties of ground-based records. These latter potentially call for leaving behind the notion of geomagnetic jerks. The accuracy at which we recover interannual changes also requires considering with caution the apparent periodicity seen in the secular acceleration from satellite data. I then address the interpretation of recorded magnetic fluctuations in terms of core dynamics, highlighting the need for models that allow (or pre-suppose) a magnetic energy orders of magnitudes larger than the kinetic energy at large length-scales, a target for future numerical simulations of the geodynamo. I finally recall the first attempts at implementing geomagnetic data assimilation algorithms.
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