曲线飞行：合成适应揭示了旋转水果的最佳飞行性能
Curving to fly: Synthetic adaptation unveils optimal flight performance of whirling fruits
摘要：
种子、果实和其他散布体（散布单位）的伸展对于它们的风传播是必不可少的，因为它们起到翅膀的作用，使它们能够飞行。旋转的果实从它们的萼片产生一种自动旋转运动，萼片是一种叶子状的结构，向上和向外弯曲，产生一种抵消重力的升力。然而，果实的萼片形状与飞行性能之间的联系还不清楚。我们开发了一个理论模型，并对双翼仿生3D打印水果进行了实验，我们假设植物具有有限的能量，可以转化为大量的能量来构建萼片，并允许它们弯曲。流体动力学理论和实验，涉及合成，双翼水果表明，产生最大的飞行时间有一个最佳的折叠角干燥萼片。一个类似的萼片折叠角被发现为广泛的旋转水果收集在野外，强调翼曲率可以帮助作为一个有效的机制，风传播的种子，并可能提高其生产者的健身环境中的生态策略。
英文摘要：
Appendages of seeds, fruits and other diaspores (dispersal units) are essential for their wind dispersal, as they act as wings and enable them to fly. Whirling fruits generate an auto-gyrating motion from their sepals, a leaf like structure, which curve upwards and outwards, creating a lift force that counteracts gravitational force. The link of the fruit's sepal shape to flight performance, however, is as yet unknown. We develop a theoretical model and perform experiments for double-winged bio-mimetic 3D-printed fruits, where we assume that the plant has a limited amount of energy that it can convert into a mass to build sepals and, additionally, allow them to curve. Both hydrodynamic theory and experiments involving synthetic, double-winged fruits show that to produce a maximal flight time there is an optimal fold angle for the desiccated sepals. A similar sepal fold angle is found for a wide range of whirling fruits collected in the wild, highlighting that wing curvature can aid as an efficient mechanism for wind dispersal of seeds and may improve the fitness of their producers in the context of an ecological strategy.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
