生物圈争夺资源的行星气候系统的稳定性
Stability of a planetary climate system with the biosphere competing for resources
摘要：
随着越来越多的系外行星被发现，盖亚概念找到了它的第二轮风。盖亚概念定义了一个有人居住的星球的生物圈通过反馈回路调节行星气候，使星球保持可居住状态。破解“盖亚”之谜一直是激烈的实证研究的焦点。很少有人注意到这一概念的数学实现。在本文中，我们考虑的行星气候系统的稳定性与动态生物圈的概念气候模式，一般的人口动力学模型与随机参数。我们首先表明，相应的耦合系统的动力学具有多个时标，因此属于慢-快动力学类。然后，我们调查的一般动力系统，我们的模型属于的属性，并证明，从生物圈动力学的反馈不能打破系统的稳定性，只要生物多样性是足够高的。这也许可以解释为什么气候在很长一段时间内都很稳定。有趣的是，如果生物多样性减少，我们的气候-生物圈耦合系统可能会失去稳定性;在这种情况下，生物圈在随机因素的影响下的演变可能导致全球气候变化。
英文摘要：
With the growing number of discovered exoplanets, the Gaia concept finds its second wind. The Gaia concept defines that the biosphere of an inhabited planet regulates a planetary climate through feedback loops such that the planet remains habitable. Crunching 'Gaia' puzzle has been a focus of intense empirical research. Much less attention has been paid to the mathematical realization of this concept. In this paper, we consider the stability of a planetary climate system with the dynamic biosphere by linking a conceptual climate model to a generic population dynamics model with random parameters. We first show that the dynamics of the corresponding coupled system possesses multiple timescales and hence falls into the class of slow-fast dynamics. We then investigate the properties of a general dynamical system to which our model belongs and prove that the feedbacks from the biosphere dynamics cannot break the system's stability as long as the biodiversity is sufficiently high. That may explain why the climate is apparently stable over long time intervals. Interestingly, our coupled climate-biosphere system can lose its stability if biodiversity decreases; in this case, the evolution of the biosphere under the effect of random factors can lead to a global climate change.
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