arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1902.07904cond-mat.soft
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丝状活性物质:带状形成、弯曲、屈曲与缺陷

Filamentous Active Matter: Band Formation, Bending, Buckling, and Defects

Gerrit Vliegenthart, Arvind Ravichandran, Marisol Ripoll, Thorsten Auth, Gerhard Gompper

AI总结:

通过基于组件的计算机模拟,研究极性丝体与分子马达的微观相互作用如何驱动自组织,揭示了活性极性向列相的形成与屈曲型不稳定性机制,并预测了活性扩散系数和域尺寸的标度律,为理解胞质流动和设计新型活性材料提供了微观基础。

摘要:

马达蛋白驱动细胞骨架丝体的持续运动与自组织。然而,最先进的显微成像技术和连续介质建模方法主要关注大长度和时间尺度。在此,我们对极性丝体和分子马达进行基于组件的计算机模拟,将微观相互作用与活性同从双丝体水平直至介观域水平的自组织与动力学联系起来。动态丝体交联与滑动及排阻体积相互作用促进了在低密度下束状结构的形成,以及在高密度下活性极性向列相的形成。屈曲型不稳定性决定了极性域的尺寸和拓扑缺陷的密度。我们预测活性扩散系数和域尺寸随活性的普遍标度律,及其对马达浓度和丝体持久长度等参数的依赖关系。我们的结果为细胞中的胞质流动提供了微观理解,并有助于为新型工程活性材料制定设计策略。

英文摘要:

Motor proteins drive persistent motion and self-organisation of cytoskeletal filaments. However, state-of-the-art microscopy techniques and continuum modelling approaches focus on large length and time scales. Here, we perform component-based computer simulations of polar filaments and molecular motors linking microscopic interactions and activity to self-organisation and dynamics from the two-filament level up to the mesoscopic domain level. Dynamic filament crosslinking and sliding, and excluded-volume interactions promote formation of bundles at small densities, and of active polar nematics at high densities. A buckling-type instability sets the size of polar domains and the density of topological defects. We predict a universal scaling of the active diffusion coefficient and the domain size with activity, and its dependence on parameters like motor concentration and filament persistence length. Our results provide a microscopic understanding of cytoplasmic streaming in cells and help to develop design strategies for novel engineered active materials.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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